Alpine crossroads or origin of genetic diversity? Comparative phylogeography of two sympatric microgastropod species.

The Alpine Region, constituting the Alps and the Dinaric Alps, has played a major role in the formation of current patterns of biodiversity either as a contact zone of postglacial expanding lineages or as the origin of genetic diversity. In our study, we tested these hypotheses for two widespread, s...

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Autores principales:	Alexander M Weigand, Markus Pfenninger, Adrienne Jochum, Annette Klussmann-Kolb
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/576c9c65cf6d40bab2713d151ceb0854
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:576c9c65cf6d40bab2713d151ceb08542021-11-18T07:18:58ZAlpine crossroads or origin of genetic diversity? Comparative phylogeography of two sympatric microgastropod species.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0037089https://doaj.org/article/576c9c65cf6d40bab2713d151ceb08542012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22606334/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The Alpine Region, constituting the Alps and the Dinaric Alps, has played a major role in the formation of current patterns of biodiversity either as a contact zone of postglacial expanding lineages or as the origin of genetic diversity. In our study, we tested these hypotheses for two widespread, sympatric microgastropod taxa--Carychium minimum O.F. Müller, 1774 and Carychium tridentatum (Risso, 1826) (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Carychiidae)--by using COI sequence data and species potential distribution models analyzed in a statistical phylogeographical framework. Additionally, we examined disjunct transatlantic populations of those taxa from the Azores and North America. In general, both Carychium taxa demonstrate a genetic structure composed of several differentiated haplotype lineages most likely resulting from allopatric diversification in isolated refugial areas during the Pleistocene glacial periods. However, the genetic structure of Carychium minimum is more pronounced, which can be attributed to ecological constraints relating to habitat proximity to permanent bodies of water. For most of the Carychium lineages, the broader Alpine Region was identified as the likely origin of genetic diversity. Several lineages are endemic to the broader Alpine Region whereas a single lineage per species underwent a postglacial expansion to (re)colonize previously unsuitable habitats, e.g. in Northern Europe. The source populations of those expanding lineages can be traced back to the Eastern and Western Alps. Consequently, we identify the Alpine Region as a significant 'hot-spot' for the formation of genetic diversity within European Carychium lineages. Passive dispersal via anthropogenic means best explains the presence of transatlantic European Carychium populations on the Azores and in North America. We conclude that passive (anthropogenic) transport could mislead the interpretation of observed phylogeographical patterns in general.Alexander M WeigandMarkus PfenningerAdrienne JochumAnnette Klussmann-KolbPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 5, p e37089 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Alexander M Weigand Markus Pfenninger Adrienne Jochum Annette Klussmann-Kolb Alpine crossroads or origin of genetic diversity? Comparative phylogeography of two sympatric microgastropod species.
description	The Alpine Region, constituting the Alps and the Dinaric Alps, has played a major role in the formation of current patterns of biodiversity either as a contact zone of postglacial expanding lineages or as the origin of genetic diversity. In our study, we tested these hypotheses for two widespread, sympatric microgastropod taxa--Carychium minimum O.F. Müller, 1774 and Carychium tridentatum (Risso, 1826) (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Carychiidae)--by using COI sequence data and species potential distribution models analyzed in a statistical phylogeographical framework. Additionally, we examined disjunct transatlantic populations of those taxa from the Azores and North America. In general, both Carychium taxa demonstrate a genetic structure composed of several differentiated haplotype lineages most likely resulting from allopatric diversification in isolated refugial areas during the Pleistocene glacial periods. However, the genetic structure of Carychium minimum is more pronounced, which can be attributed to ecological constraints relating to habitat proximity to permanent bodies of water. For most of the Carychium lineages, the broader Alpine Region was identified as the likely origin of genetic diversity. Several lineages are endemic to the broader Alpine Region whereas a single lineage per species underwent a postglacial expansion to (re)colonize previously unsuitable habitats, e.g. in Northern Europe. The source populations of those expanding lineages can be traced back to the Eastern and Western Alps. Consequently, we identify the Alpine Region as a significant 'hot-spot' for the formation of genetic diversity within European Carychium lineages. Passive dispersal via anthropogenic means best explains the presence of transatlantic European Carychium populations on the Azores and in North America. We conclude that passive (anthropogenic) transport could mislead the interpretation of observed phylogeographical patterns in general.
format	article
author	Alexander M Weigand Markus Pfenninger Adrienne Jochum Annette Klussmann-Kolb
author_facet	Alexander M Weigand Markus Pfenninger Adrienne Jochum Annette Klussmann-Kolb
author_sort	Alexander M Weigand
title	Alpine crossroads or origin of genetic diversity? Comparative phylogeography of two sympatric microgastropod species.
title_short	Alpine crossroads or origin of genetic diversity? Comparative phylogeography of two sympatric microgastropod species.
title_full	Alpine crossroads or origin of genetic diversity? Comparative phylogeography of two sympatric microgastropod species.
title_fullStr	Alpine crossroads or origin of genetic diversity? Comparative phylogeography of two sympatric microgastropod species.
title_full_unstemmed	Alpine crossroads or origin of genetic diversity? Comparative phylogeography of two sympatric microgastropod species.
title_sort	alpine crossroads or origin of genetic diversity? comparative phylogeography of two sympatric microgastropod species.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/576c9c65cf6d40bab2713d151ceb0854
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Alpine crossroads or origin of genetic diversity? Comparative phylogeography of two sympatric microgastropod species.

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