Impact of a recolonizing, cross-border carnivore population on ungulate harvest in Scandinavia

Abstract Predation from large carnivores and human harvest are the two main mortality factors affecting the dynamics of many ungulate populations. We examined long-term moose (Alces alces) harvest data from two countries that share cross-border populations of wolves (Canis lupus) and their main prey...

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Autores principales:	Camilla Wikenros, Håkan Sand, Johan Månsson, Erling Maartmann, Ane Eriksen, Petter Wabakken, Barbara Zimmermann
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/578b511348ea439fbd25c2c2c2968813
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:578b511348ea439fbd25c2c2c29688132021-12-02T15:11:51ZImpact of a recolonizing, cross-border carnivore population on ungulate harvest in Scandinavia10.1038/s41598-020-78585-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/578b511348ea439fbd25c2c2c29688132020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78585-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Predation from large carnivores and human harvest are the two main mortality factors affecting the dynamics of many ungulate populations. We examined long-term moose (Alces alces) harvest data from two countries that share cross-border populations of wolves (Canis lupus) and their main prey moose. We tested how a spatial gradient of increasing wolf territory density affected moose harvest density and age and sex composition of the harvested animals (n = 549,310), along a latitudinal gradient during 1995–2017. In areas containing average-sized wolf territories, harvest density was on average 37% (Norway) and 51% (Sweden) lower than in areas without wolves. In Sweden, calves made up a higher proportion of the moose harvest than in Norway, and this proportion was reduced with increased wolf territory density, while it increased in Norway. The proportion of females in the adult harvest was more strongly reduced in Sweden than in Norway as a response to increased wolf territory density. Moose management in both countries performed actions aimed to increase productivity in the moose population, in order to compensate for the increased mortality caused by wolves. These management actions are empirical examples of an adaptive management in response to the return of large carnivores.Camilla WikenrosHåkan SandJohan MånssonErling MaartmannAne EriksenPetter WabakkenBarbara ZimmermannNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Camilla Wikenros Håkan Sand Johan Månsson Erling Maartmann Ane Eriksen Petter Wabakken Barbara Zimmermann Impact of a recolonizing, cross-border carnivore population on ungulate harvest in Scandinavia
description	Abstract Predation from large carnivores and human harvest are the two main mortality factors affecting the dynamics of many ungulate populations. We examined long-term moose (Alces alces) harvest data from two countries that share cross-border populations of wolves (Canis lupus) and their main prey moose. We tested how a spatial gradient of increasing wolf territory density affected moose harvest density and age and sex composition of the harvested animals (n = 549,310), along a latitudinal gradient during 1995–2017. In areas containing average-sized wolf territories, harvest density was on average 37% (Norway) and 51% (Sweden) lower than in areas without wolves. In Sweden, calves made up a higher proportion of the moose harvest than in Norway, and this proportion was reduced with increased wolf territory density, while it increased in Norway. The proportion of females in the adult harvest was more strongly reduced in Sweden than in Norway as a response to increased wolf territory density. Moose management in both countries performed actions aimed to increase productivity in the moose population, in order to compensate for the increased mortality caused by wolves. These management actions are empirical examples of an adaptive management in response to the return of large carnivores.
format	article
author	Camilla Wikenros Håkan Sand Johan Månsson Erling Maartmann Ane Eriksen Petter Wabakken Barbara Zimmermann
author_facet	Camilla Wikenros Håkan Sand Johan Månsson Erling Maartmann Ane Eriksen Petter Wabakken Barbara Zimmermann
author_sort	Camilla Wikenros
title	Impact of a recolonizing, cross-border carnivore population on ungulate harvest in Scandinavia
title_short	Impact of a recolonizing, cross-border carnivore population on ungulate harvest in Scandinavia
title_full	Impact of a recolonizing, cross-border carnivore population on ungulate harvest in Scandinavia
title_fullStr	Impact of a recolonizing, cross-border carnivore population on ungulate harvest in Scandinavia
title_full_unstemmed	Impact of a recolonizing, cross-border carnivore population on ungulate harvest in Scandinavia
title_sort	impact of a recolonizing, cross-border carnivore population on ungulate harvest in scandinavia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/578b511348ea439fbd25c2c2c2968813
work_keys_str_mv	AT camillawikenros impactofarecolonizingcrossbordercarnivorepopulationonungulateharvestinscandinavia AT hakansand impactofarecolonizingcrossbordercarnivorepopulationonungulateharvestinscandinavia AT johanmansson impactofarecolonizingcrossbordercarnivorepopulationonungulateharvestinscandinavia AT erlingmaartmann impactofarecolonizingcrossbordercarnivorepopulationonungulateharvestinscandinavia AT aneeriksen impactofarecolonizingcrossbordercarnivorepopulationonungulateharvestinscandinavia AT petterwabakken impactofarecolonizingcrossbordercarnivorepopulationonungulateharvestinscandinavia AT barbarazimmermann impactofarecolonizingcrossbordercarnivorepopulationonungulateharvestinscandinavia
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Impact of a recolonizing, cross-border carnivore population on ungulate harvest in Scandinavia

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