Differences in accumulation and virulence determine the outcome of competition during Tobacco etch virus coinfection.

Understanding the evolution of virulence for RNA viruses is essential for developing appropriate control strategies. Although it has been usually assumed that virulence is a consequence of within-host replication of the parasite, viral strains may be highly virulent without experiencing large accumu...

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Autores principales:	Guillaume Lafforgue, Josep Sardanyés, Santiago F Elena
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/57bb85533e674650a181f57d9779d5ef
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:57bb85533e674650a181f57d9779d5ef2021-11-18T06:57:16ZDifferences in accumulation and virulence determine the outcome of competition during Tobacco etch virus coinfection.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0017917https://doaj.org/article/57bb85533e674650a181f57d9779d5ef2011-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21423618/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Understanding the evolution of virulence for RNA viruses is essential for developing appropriate control strategies. Although it has been usually assumed that virulence is a consequence of within-host replication of the parasite, viral strains may be highly virulent without experiencing large accumulation as a consequence of immunopathological host responses. Using two strains of Tobacco etch potyvirus (TEV) that show a negative relationship between virulence and accumulation rate, we first explored the evolution of virulence and fitness traits during simple and mixed infections. Short-term evolution experiments initiated with each strain independently confirmed the genetic and evolutionary stability of virulence and viral load, although infectivity significantly increased for both strains. Second, competition experiments between hypo- and hypervirulent TEV strains have shown that the outcome of competition is driven by differences in replication rate. A simple mathematical model has been developed to analyze the dynamics of these two strains during coinfection. The model qualitatively reproduced the experimental results using biologically meaningful parameters. Further analyses of the model also revealed a wide parametric region in which a low-fitness but hypovirulent virus can still outcompete a high-fitness but hypervirulent one. These results provide additional support to the observation that virulence and within-host replication may not necessarily be strongly tied in plant RNA viruses.Guillaume LafforgueJosep SardanyésSantiago F ElenaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 3, p e17917 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Guillaume Lafforgue Josep Sardanyés Santiago F Elena Differences in accumulation and virulence determine the outcome of competition during Tobacco etch virus coinfection.
description	Understanding the evolution of virulence for RNA viruses is essential for developing appropriate control strategies. Although it has been usually assumed that virulence is a consequence of within-host replication of the parasite, viral strains may be highly virulent without experiencing large accumulation as a consequence of immunopathological host responses. Using two strains of Tobacco etch potyvirus (TEV) that show a negative relationship between virulence and accumulation rate, we first explored the evolution of virulence and fitness traits during simple and mixed infections. Short-term evolution experiments initiated with each strain independently confirmed the genetic and evolutionary stability of virulence and viral load, although infectivity significantly increased for both strains. Second, competition experiments between hypo- and hypervirulent TEV strains have shown that the outcome of competition is driven by differences in replication rate. A simple mathematical model has been developed to analyze the dynamics of these two strains during coinfection. The model qualitatively reproduced the experimental results using biologically meaningful parameters. Further analyses of the model also revealed a wide parametric region in which a low-fitness but hypovirulent virus can still outcompete a high-fitness but hypervirulent one. These results provide additional support to the observation that virulence and within-host replication may not necessarily be strongly tied in plant RNA viruses.
format	article
author	Guillaume Lafforgue Josep Sardanyés Santiago F Elena
author_facet	Guillaume Lafforgue Josep Sardanyés Santiago F Elena
author_sort	Guillaume Lafforgue
title	Differences in accumulation and virulence determine the outcome of competition during Tobacco etch virus coinfection.
title_short	Differences in accumulation and virulence determine the outcome of competition during Tobacco etch virus coinfection.
title_full	Differences in accumulation and virulence determine the outcome of competition during Tobacco etch virus coinfection.
title_fullStr	Differences in accumulation and virulence determine the outcome of competition during Tobacco etch virus coinfection.
title_full_unstemmed	Differences in accumulation and virulence determine the outcome of competition during Tobacco etch virus coinfection.
title_sort	differences in accumulation and virulence determine the outcome of competition during tobacco etch virus coinfection.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/57bb85533e674650a181f57d9779d5ef
work_keys_str_mv	AT guillaumelafforgue differencesinaccumulationandvirulencedeterminetheoutcomeofcompetitionduringtobaccoetchviruscoinfection AT josepsardanyes differencesinaccumulationandvirulencedeterminetheoutcomeofcompetitionduringtobaccoetchviruscoinfection AT santiagofelena differencesinaccumulationandvirulencedeterminetheoutcomeofcompetitionduringtobaccoetchviruscoinfection
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Differences in accumulation and virulence determine the outcome of competition during Tobacco etch virus coinfection.

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