PGC-1α determines light damage susceptibility of the murine retina.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 (PGC-1) proteins are key regulators of cellular bioenergetics and are accordingly expressed in tissues with a high energetic demand. For example, PGC-1α and PGC-1β control organ function of brown adipose tissue, heart, brain, liver and s...

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Autores principales:	Anna Egger, Marijana Samardzija, Vithiyanjali Sothilingam, Naoyuki Tanimoto, Christina Lange, Silvia Salatino, Lei Fang, Marina Garcia-Garrido, Susanne Beck, Michal J Okoniewski, Albert Neutzner, Mathias W Seeliger, Christian Grimm, Christoph Handschin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/580a7c26d1df46de89503cf0170744fd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:580a7c26d1df46de89503cf0170744fd2021-11-18T07:28:26ZPGC-1α determines light damage susceptibility of the murine retina.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0031272https://doaj.org/article/580a7c26d1df46de89503cf0170744fd2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22348062/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 (PGC-1) proteins are key regulators of cellular bioenergetics and are accordingly expressed in tissues with a high energetic demand. For example, PGC-1α and PGC-1β control organ function of brown adipose tissue, heart, brain, liver and skeletal muscle. Surprisingly, despite their prominent role in the control of mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism, expression and function of the PGC-1 coactivators in the retina, an organ with one of the highest energy demands per tissue weight, are completely unknown. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms that coordinate energy production with repair processes in the damaged retina remain enigmatic. In the present study, we thus investigated the expression and function of the PGC-1 coactivators in the healthy and the damaged retina. We show that PGC-1α and PGC-1β are found at high levels in different structures of the mouse retina, most prominently in the photoreceptors. Furthermore, PGC-1α knockout mice suffer from a striking deterioration in retinal morphology and function upon detrimental light exposure. Gene expression studies revealed dysregulation of all major pathways involved in retinal damage and apoptosis, repair and renewal in the PGC-1α knockouts. The light-induced increase in apoptosis in vivo in the absence of PGC-1α was substantiated in vitro, where overexpression of PGC-1α evoked strong anti-apoptotic effects. Finally, we found that retinal levels of PGC-1 expression are reduced in different mouse models for retinitis pigmentosa. We demonstrate that PGC-1α is a central coordinator of energy production and, importantly, all of the major processes involved in retinal damage and subsequent repair. Together with the observed dysregulation of PGC-1α and PGC-1β in retinitis pigmentosa mouse models, these findings thus imply that PGC-1α might be an attractive target for therapeutic approaches aimed at retinal degeneration diseases.Anna EggerMarijana SamardzijaVithiyanjali SothilingamNaoyuki TanimotoChristina LangeSilvia SalatinoLei FangMarina Garcia-GarridoSusanne BeckMichal J OkoniewskiAlbert NeutznerMathias W SeeligerChristian GrimmChristoph HandschinPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 2, p e31272 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Anna Egger Marijana Samardzija Vithiyanjali Sothilingam Naoyuki Tanimoto Christina Lange Silvia Salatino Lei Fang Marina Garcia-Garrido Susanne Beck Michal J Okoniewski Albert Neutzner Mathias W Seeliger Christian Grimm Christoph Handschin PGC-1α determines light damage susceptibility of the murine retina.
description	The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 (PGC-1) proteins are key regulators of cellular bioenergetics and are accordingly expressed in tissues with a high energetic demand. For example, PGC-1α and PGC-1β control organ function of brown adipose tissue, heart, brain, liver and skeletal muscle. Surprisingly, despite their prominent role in the control of mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism, expression and function of the PGC-1 coactivators in the retina, an organ with one of the highest energy demands per tissue weight, are completely unknown. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms that coordinate energy production with repair processes in the damaged retina remain enigmatic. In the present study, we thus investigated the expression and function of the PGC-1 coactivators in the healthy and the damaged retina. We show that PGC-1α and PGC-1β are found at high levels in different structures of the mouse retina, most prominently in the photoreceptors. Furthermore, PGC-1α knockout mice suffer from a striking deterioration in retinal morphology and function upon detrimental light exposure. Gene expression studies revealed dysregulation of all major pathways involved in retinal damage and apoptosis, repair and renewal in the PGC-1α knockouts. The light-induced increase in apoptosis in vivo in the absence of PGC-1α was substantiated in vitro, where overexpression of PGC-1α evoked strong anti-apoptotic effects. Finally, we found that retinal levels of PGC-1 expression are reduced in different mouse models for retinitis pigmentosa. We demonstrate that PGC-1α is a central coordinator of energy production and, importantly, all of the major processes involved in retinal damage and subsequent repair. Together with the observed dysregulation of PGC-1α and PGC-1β in retinitis pigmentosa mouse models, these findings thus imply that PGC-1α might be an attractive target for therapeutic approaches aimed at retinal degeneration diseases.
format	article
author	Anna Egger Marijana Samardzija Vithiyanjali Sothilingam Naoyuki Tanimoto Christina Lange Silvia Salatino Lei Fang Marina Garcia-Garrido Susanne Beck Michal J Okoniewski Albert Neutzner Mathias W Seeliger Christian Grimm Christoph Handschin
author_facet	Anna Egger Marijana Samardzija Vithiyanjali Sothilingam Naoyuki Tanimoto Christina Lange Silvia Salatino Lei Fang Marina Garcia-Garrido Susanne Beck Michal J Okoniewski Albert Neutzner Mathias W Seeliger Christian Grimm Christoph Handschin
author_sort	Anna Egger
title	PGC-1α determines light damage susceptibility of the murine retina.
title_short	PGC-1α determines light damage susceptibility of the murine retina.
title_full	PGC-1α determines light damage susceptibility of the murine retina.
title_fullStr	PGC-1α determines light damage susceptibility of the murine retina.
title_full_unstemmed	PGC-1α determines light damage susceptibility of the murine retina.
title_sort	pgc-1α determines light damage susceptibility of the murine retina.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/580a7c26d1df46de89503cf0170744fd
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PGC-1α determines light damage susceptibility of the murine retina.

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