Drinking water quality assessment of river Ganga in West Bengal, India through integrated statistical and GIS techniques

An attempt has been made to assess the water quality status of the lower stretch of river Ganga flowing through West Bengal for drinking using integrated techniques. For this study, 11 parameters at 10 locations from Beharampur to Diamond Harbour over nine years (2011–2019) were considered. The east...

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Autores principales:	Syed Yakub Ali, Sangeeta Sunar, Priti Saha, Pallavi Mukherjee, Sarmistha Saha, Suvanka Dutta
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	idw geostatistics river ganga water quality spatial interpolation synthetic pollution index (spi) water quality index (wqi) weighted arithmetic mean method Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/581882d9f3694da4afdc94bed820d0bd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:581882d9f3694da4afdc94bed820d0bd2021-12-02T07:40:44ZDrinking water quality assessment of river Ganga in West Bengal, India through integrated statistical and GIS techniques0273-12231996-973210.2166/wst.2021.293https://doaj.org/article/581882d9f3694da4afdc94bed820d0bd2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://wst.iwaponline.com/content/84/10-11/2997https://doaj.org/toc/0273-1223https://doaj.org/toc/1996-9732An attempt has been made to assess the water quality status of the lower stretch of river Ganga flowing through West Bengal for drinking using integrated techniques. For this study, 11 parameters at 10 locations from Beharampur to Diamond Harbour over nine years (2011–2019) were considered. The eastern stretch of Ganga showed a variation of Water Quality Index (WQI) from 55 to 416 and Synthetic Pollution Index (SPI) from 0.59 to 3.68 in nine years. The result was endorsed through a fair correlation between WQI and SPI (r2 > 0.95). The map interpolated through GIS revealed that the entire river stretch in the year 2011, 2012, and 2019 and location near to ocean during the entire period of nine years were severely polluted (WQI > 100 or SPI > 1). Turbidity and boron concentration mainly contribute to the high scores of indices. Further, the origin of these ions was estimated through multivariate statistical techniques. It was affirmed that the origin of boron is mainly attributed to seawater influx, that of fluoride to anthropogenic sources, and other parameters originated through geogenic as well as human activities. Based on the research, a few possible water treatment mechanisms are suggested to render the water fit for drinking. HIGHLIGHTS The study provides a base line assessment of the water quality of river Ganga for drinking.; Water quality was marked as polluted and unfit for drinking.; The seawater influx, geogenic and anthropogenic activities were assessed as the major sources of pollution.; Water treatment technologies were suggested to render the water fit for drinking.; It will be helpful to formulate appropriate management strategies.;Syed Yakub AliSangeeta SunarPriti SahaPallavi MukherjeeSarmistha SahaSuvanka DuttaIWA Publishingarticleidw geostatisticsriver ganga water qualityspatial interpolationsynthetic pollution index (spi)water quality index (wqi)weighted arithmetic mean methodEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENWater Science and Technology, Vol 84, Iss 10-11, Pp 2997-3017 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	idw geostatistics river ganga water quality spatial interpolation synthetic pollution index (spi) water quality index (wqi) weighted arithmetic mean method Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	idw geostatistics river ganga water quality spatial interpolation synthetic pollution index (spi) water quality index (wqi) weighted arithmetic mean method Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Syed Yakub Ali Sangeeta Sunar Priti Saha Pallavi Mukherjee Sarmistha Saha Suvanka Dutta Drinking water quality assessment of river Ganga in West Bengal, India through integrated statistical and GIS techniques
description	An attempt has been made to assess the water quality status of the lower stretch of river Ganga flowing through West Bengal for drinking using integrated techniques. For this study, 11 parameters at 10 locations from Beharampur to Diamond Harbour over nine years (2011–2019) were considered. The eastern stretch of Ganga showed a variation of Water Quality Index (WQI) from 55 to 416 and Synthetic Pollution Index (SPI) from 0.59 to 3.68 in nine years. The result was endorsed through a fair correlation between WQI and SPI (r2 > 0.95). The map interpolated through GIS revealed that the entire river stretch in the year 2011, 2012, and 2019 and location near to ocean during the entire period of nine years were severely polluted (WQI > 100 or SPI > 1). Turbidity and boron concentration mainly contribute to the high scores of indices. Further, the origin of these ions was estimated through multivariate statistical techniques. It was affirmed that the origin of boron is mainly attributed to seawater influx, that of fluoride to anthropogenic sources, and other parameters originated through geogenic as well as human activities. Based on the research, a few possible water treatment mechanisms are suggested to render the water fit for drinking. HIGHLIGHTS The study provides a base line assessment of the water quality of river Ganga for drinking.; Water quality was marked as polluted and unfit for drinking.; The seawater influx, geogenic and anthropogenic activities were assessed as the major sources of pollution.; Water treatment technologies were suggested to render the water fit for drinking.; It will be helpful to formulate appropriate management strategies.;
format	article
author	Syed Yakub Ali Sangeeta Sunar Priti Saha Pallavi Mukherjee Sarmistha Saha Suvanka Dutta
author_facet	Syed Yakub Ali Sangeeta Sunar Priti Saha Pallavi Mukherjee Sarmistha Saha Suvanka Dutta
author_sort	Syed Yakub Ali
title	Drinking water quality assessment of river Ganga in West Bengal, India through integrated statistical and GIS techniques
title_short	Drinking water quality assessment of river Ganga in West Bengal, India through integrated statistical and GIS techniques
title_full	Drinking water quality assessment of river Ganga in West Bengal, India through integrated statistical and GIS techniques
title_fullStr	Drinking water quality assessment of river Ganga in West Bengal, India through integrated statistical and GIS techniques
title_full_unstemmed	Drinking water quality assessment of river Ganga in West Bengal, India through integrated statistical and GIS techniques
title_sort	drinking water quality assessment of river ganga in west bengal, india through integrated statistical and gis techniques
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/581882d9f3694da4afdc94bed820d0bd
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Drinking water quality assessment of river Ganga in West Bengal, India through integrated statistical and GIS techniques

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