Athlete atypicity on the edge of human achievement: performances stagnate after the last peak, in 1988.

The growth law for the development of top athletes performances remains unknown in quantifiable sport events. Here we present a growth model for 41351 best performers from 70 track and field (T&F) and swimming events and detail their characteristics over the modern Olympic era. We show that 64%...

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Autores principales:	Geoffroy Berthelot, Muriel Tafflet, Nour El Helou, Stéphane Len, Sylvie Escolano, Marion Guillaume, Hala Nassif, Julien Tolaïni, Valérie Thibault, François Denis Desgorces, Olivier Hermine, Jean-François Toussaint
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/58252297169b4cd8ae81e80865950493
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:58252297169b4cd8ae81e80865950493
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:58252297169b4cd8ae81e808659504932021-11-25T06:26:33ZAthlete atypicity on the edge of human achievement: performances stagnate after the last peak, in 1988.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0008800https://doaj.org/article/58252297169b4cd8ae81e808659504932010-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20098706/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The growth law for the development of top athletes performances remains unknown in quantifiable sport events. Here we present a growth model for 41351 best performers from 70 track and field (T&F) and swimming events and detail their characteristics over the modern Olympic era. We show that 64% of T&F events no longer improved since 1993, while 47% of swimming events stagnated after 1990, prior to a second progression step starting in 2000. Since then, 100% of swimming events continued to progress.We also provide a measurement of the atypicity for the 3919 best performances (BP) of each year in every event. The secular evolution of this parameter for T&F reveals four peaks; the most recent (1988) followed by a major stagnation. This last peak may correspond to the most recent successful attempt to push forward human physiological limits. No atypicity trend is detected in swimming. The upcoming rarefaction of new records in sport may be delayed by technological innovations, themselves depending upon economical constraints.Geoffroy BerthelotMuriel TaffletNour El HelouStéphane LenSylvie EscolanoMarion GuillaumeHala NassifJulien TolaïniValérie ThibaultFrançois Denis DesgorcesOlivier HermineJean-François ToussaintPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 1, p e8800 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Geoffroy Berthelot Muriel Tafflet Nour El Helou Stéphane Len Sylvie Escolano Marion Guillaume Hala Nassif Julien Tolaïni Valérie Thibault François Denis Desgorces Olivier Hermine Jean-François Toussaint Athlete atypicity on the edge of human achievement: performances stagnate after the last peak, in 1988.
description	The growth law for the development of top athletes performances remains unknown in quantifiable sport events. Here we present a growth model for 41351 best performers from 70 track and field (T&F) and swimming events and detail their characteristics over the modern Olympic era. We show that 64% of T&F events no longer improved since 1993, while 47% of swimming events stagnated after 1990, prior to a second progression step starting in 2000. Since then, 100% of swimming events continued to progress.We also provide a measurement of the atypicity for the 3919 best performances (BP) of each year in every event. The secular evolution of this parameter for T&F reveals four peaks; the most recent (1988) followed by a major stagnation. This last peak may correspond to the most recent successful attempt to push forward human physiological limits. No atypicity trend is detected in swimming. The upcoming rarefaction of new records in sport may be delayed by technological innovations, themselves depending upon economical constraints.
format	article
author	Geoffroy Berthelot Muriel Tafflet Nour El Helou Stéphane Len Sylvie Escolano Marion Guillaume Hala Nassif Julien Tolaïni Valérie Thibault François Denis Desgorces Olivier Hermine Jean-François Toussaint
author_facet	Geoffroy Berthelot Muriel Tafflet Nour El Helou Stéphane Len Sylvie Escolano Marion Guillaume Hala Nassif Julien Tolaïni Valérie Thibault François Denis Desgorces Olivier Hermine Jean-François Toussaint
author_sort	Geoffroy Berthelot
title	Athlete atypicity on the edge of human achievement: performances stagnate after the last peak, in 1988.
title_short	Athlete atypicity on the edge of human achievement: performances stagnate after the last peak, in 1988.
title_full	Athlete atypicity on the edge of human achievement: performances stagnate after the last peak, in 1988.
title_fullStr	Athlete atypicity on the edge of human achievement: performances stagnate after the last peak, in 1988.
title_full_unstemmed	Athlete atypicity on the edge of human achievement: performances stagnate after the last peak, in 1988.
title_sort	athlete atypicity on the edge of human achievement: performances stagnate after the last peak, in 1988.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/58252297169b4cd8ae81e80865950493
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Athlete atypicity on the edge of human achievement: performances stagnate after the last peak, in 1988.

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