Co-Immobilization of <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> and <i>Candida rugosa</i> Lipases onto mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>—A Novel Magnetic Nanotube–Polyethylene Glycol Amine Composite—And Its Applications for Biodiesel Production
This article describes the successful synthesis of a novel nanocomposite of superparamagnetic multi-walled nanotubes with a four-arm polyethylene glycol amine polymer (mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>). This composite was then employed as a support for the covalent co-immobilization of &...
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MDPI AG
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:5863fb97ef824b7885c9cde5c60d91512021-11-11T17:23:15ZCo-Immobilization of <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> and <i>Candida rugosa</i> Lipases onto mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>—A Novel Magnetic Nanotube–Polyethylene Glycol Amine Composite—And Its Applications for Biodiesel Production10.3390/ijms2221119561422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/5863fb97ef824b7885c9cde5c60d91512021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11956https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067This article describes the successful synthesis of a novel nanocomposite of superparamagnetic multi-walled nanotubes with a four-arm polyethylene glycol amine polymer (mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>). This composite was then employed as a support for the covalent co-immobilization of <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> and <i>Candida rugosa</i> lipases under appropriate conditions. The co-immobilized lipases (CIL-mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>) exhibited maximum specific activity of 99.626U/mg protein, which was 34.5-fold superior to that of free ROL, and its thermal stability was greatly improved. Most significantly, CIL-mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub> was used to prepare biodiesel from waste cooking oil under ultrasound conditions, and within 120 min, the biodiesel conversion rate reached 97.64%. This was due to the synergy effect between ROL and CRL and the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic process, resulting in an increased biodiesel yield in a short reaction time. Moreover, after ten reuse cycles, the co-immobilized lipases still retained a biodiesel yield of over 78.55%, exhibiting excellent operational stability that is attractive for practical applications. Consequently, the combined use of a novel designed carrier, the co-immobilized lipases with synergy effect, and the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic reaction exhibited potential prospects for future applications in biodiesel production and various industrial applications.Saadiah A. AbdulmalekKai LiJianhua WangMichael Kidane GhideYunjun YanMDPI AGarticlebiodieselco-immobilization4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>lipaseultrasound-assisted enzymatic reactionBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11956, p 11956 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
biodiesel co-immobilization 4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub> lipase ultrasound-assisted enzymatic reaction Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 |
| spellingShingle |
biodiesel co-immobilization 4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub> lipase ultrasound-assisted enzymatic reaction Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Saadiah A. Abdulmalek Kai Li Jianhua Wang Michael Kidane Ghide Yunjun Yan Co-Immobilization of <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> and <i>Candida rugosa</i> Lipases onto mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>—A Novel Magnetic Nanotube–Polyethylene Glycol Amine Composite—And Its Applications for Biodiesel Production |
| description |
This article describes the successful synthesis of a novel nanocomposite of superparamagnetic multi-walled nanotubes with a four-arm polyethylene glycol amine polymer (mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>). This composite was then employed as a support for the covalent co-immobilization of <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> and <i>Candida rugosa</i> lipases under appropriate conditions. The co-immobilized lipases (CIL-mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>) exhibited maximum specific activity of 99.626U/mg protein, which was 34.5-fold superior to that of free ROL, and its thermal stability was greatly improved. Most significantly, CIL-mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub> was used to prepare biodiesel from waste cooking oil under ultrasound conditions, and within 120 min, the biodiesel conversion rate reached 97.64%. This was due to the synergy effect between ROL and CRL and the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic process, resulting in an increased biodiesel yield in a short reaction time. Moreover, after ten reuse cycles, the co-immobilized lipases still retained a biodiesel yield of over 78.55%, exhibiting excellent operational stability that is attractive for practical applications. Consequently, the combined use of a novel designed carrier, the co-immobilized lipases with synergy effect, and the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic reaction exhibited potential prospects for future applications in biodiesel production and various industrial applications. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Saadiah A. Abdulmalek Kai Li Jianhua Wang Michael Kidane Ghide Yunjun Yan |
| author_facet |
Saadiah A. Abdulmalek Kai Li Jianhua Wang Michael Kidane Ghide Yunjun Yan |
| author_sort |
Saadiah A. Abdulmalek |
| title |
Co-Immobilization of <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> and <i>Candida rugosa</i> Lipases onto mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>—A Novel Magnetic Nanotube–Polyethylene Glycol Amine Composite—And Its Applications for Biodiesel Production |
| title_short |
Co-Immobilization of <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> and <i>Candida rugosa</i> Lipases onto mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>—A Novel Magnetic Nanotube–Polyethylene Glycol Amine Composite—And Its Applications for Biodiesel Production |
| title_full |
Co-Immobilization of <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> and <i>Candida rugosa</i> Lipases onto mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>—A Novel Magnetic Nanotube–Polyethylene Glycol Amine Composite—And Its Applications for Biodiesel Production |
| title_fullStr |
Co-Immobilization of <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> and <i>Candida rugosa</i> Lipases onto mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>—A Novel Magnetic Nanotube–Polyethylene Glycol Amine Composite—And Its Applications for Biodiesel Production |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Co-Immobilization of <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> and <i>Candida rugosa</i> Lipases onto mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH<sub>2</sub>—A Novel Magnetic Nanotube–Polyethylene Glycol Amine Composite—And Its Applications for Biodiesel Production |
| title_sort |
co-immobilization of <i>rhizopus oryzae</i> and <i>candida rugosa</i> lipases onto mmwcnts@4-arm-peg-nh<sub>2</sub>—a novel magnetic nanotube–polyethylene glycol amine composite—and its applications for biodiesel production |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/5863fb97ef824b7885c9cde5c60d9151 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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