Crystallisation of the amorphous ices in the intermediate pressure regime

Abstract The crystallisation behaviour of very high-density amorphous ice (VHDA) and unannealed high-density amorphous ice (uHDA) has been studied in situ by volumetry and ex situ by powder x-ray diffraction in the intermediate pressure range 0.7–1.8 GPa employing different heating rates (0.5, 5 and...

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Autores principales:	J. Stern, T. Loerting
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5894b83d69064a2783e8bccb042573d8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5894b83d69064a2783e8bccb042573d82021-12-02T11:52:35ZCrystallisation of the amorphous ices in the intermediate pressure regime10.1038/s41598-017-03583-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/5894b83d69064a2783e8bccb042573d82017-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03583-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The crystallisation behaviour of very high-density amorphous ice (VHDA) and unannealed high-density amorphous ice (uHDA) has been studied in situ by volumetry and ex situ by powder x-ray diffraction in the intermediate pressure range 0.7–1.8 GPa employing different heating rates (0.5, 5 and 30 K min−1). This study shows that at pressures >1 GPa the crystallisation behaviour of VHDA and uHDA is basically the same for all heating rates. That is, parallel crystallisation is almost entirely suppressed with mainly ice XII forming. This contrasts former results reporting parallel crystallisation to approximately levelled phase mixtures of ice IV and ice XII even at higher pressures for uHDA. We speculate this to be due to formation of microcracks upon decompression in earlier works, but not in the present one. Crystallisation temperatures T x are up to 16 K higher than previously reported, raising the low-temperature border to no man’s land and opening a considerably larger window for future studies on non-crystalline water. The results indicate uHDA to contain heterogeneities on the nanoscale, but VHDA to be rather homogeneous with nano-crystallites being largely absent. Upon transforming uHDA to VHDA, the nano-scale heterogeneities disappear for >1 GPa whereas microcracks do not.J. SternT. LoertingNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q J. Stern T. Loerting Crystallisation of the amorphous ices in the intermediate pressure regime
description	Abstract The crystallisation behaviour of very high-density amorphous ice (VHDA) and unannealed high-density amorphous ice (uHDA) has been studied in situ by volumetry and ex situ by powder x-ray diffraction in the intermediate pressure range 0.7–1.8 GPa employing different heating rates (0.5, 5 and 30 K min−1). This study shows that at pressures >1 GPa the crystallisation behaviour of VHDA and uHDA is basically the same for all heating rates. That is, parallel crystallisation is almost entirely suppressed with mainly ice XII forming. This contrasts former results reporting parallel crystallisation to approximately levelled phase mixtures of ice IV and ice XII even at higher pressures for uHDA. We speculate this to be due to formation of microcracks upon decompression in earlier works, but not in the present one. Crystallisation temperatures T x are up to 16 K higher than previously reported, raising the low-temperature border to no man’s land and opening a considerably larger window for future studies on non-crystalline water. The results indicate uHDA to contain heterogeneities on the nanoscale, but VHDA to be rather homogeneous with nano-crystallites being largely absent. Upon transforming uHDA to VHDA, the nano-scale heterogeneities disappear for >1 GPa whereas microcracks do not.
format	article
author	J. Stern T. Loerting
author_facet	J. Stern T. Loerting
author_sort	J. Stern
title	Crystallisation of the amorphous ices in the intermediate pressure regime
title_short	Crystallisation of the amorphous ices in the intermediate pressure regime
title_full	Crystallisation of the amorphous ices in the intermediate pressure regime
title_fullStr	Crystallisation of the amorphous ices in the intermediate pressure regime
title_full_unstemmed	Crystallisation of the amorphous ices in the intermediate pressure regime
title_sort	crystallisation of the amorphous ices in the intermediate pressure regime
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/5894b83d69064a2783e8bccb042573d8
work_keys_str_mv	AT jstern crystallisationoftheamorphousicesintheintermediatepressureregime AT tloerting crystallisationoftheamorphousicesintheintermediatepressureregime
_version_	1718394985468919808

Crystallisation of the amorphous ices in the intermediate pressure regime

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