High Frequency Breast Imaging: Experimental Analysis of Tissue Phantoms

This article presents the experimental proof of concept of high–frequency microwave breast imaging system operating from 16 to 20 GHz. At those frequencies the wavelengths are in the order of millimeter range which support better resolution in localizing cancerous tumors compared to the c...

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Autores principales:	Duy Hai Nguyen, Jonathan Stindl, Teresa Slanina, Jochen Moll, Viktor Krozer, Gernot Zimmer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IEEE 2021
Materias:	Ultra–wideband antenna (UWB) bow–tie structure heterogeneous breast tissue mimic root mean square deviation (RMSD) algorithm Telecommunication TK5101-6720
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/58ace11dcdd14de6b4c75161e21e7ed3
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:58ace11dcdd14de6b4c75161e21e7ed3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:58ace11dcdd14de6b4c75161e21e7ed32021-11-26T00:02:03ZHigh Frequency Breast Imaging: Experimental Analysis of Tissue Phantoms2637-643110.1109/OJAP.2021.3127653https://doaj.org/article/58ace11dcdd14de6b4c75161e21e7ed32021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9612600/https://doaj.org/toc/2637-6431This article presents the experimental proof of concept of high–frequency microwave breast imaging system operating from 16 to 20 GHz. At those frequencies the wavelengths are in the order of millimeter range which support better resolution in localizing cancerous tumors compared to the conventional microwave imaging systems. A new antenna is developed with a compact size of 7 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 7 mm <sup>2</sup>, which relies on an ultra-wideband, planar bowtie-like antenna structure. Practical results show that a bandwidth of 23.45 GHz is achieved (16 – 40 GHz) for a reflection loss higher than 10 dB. Furthermore, artificial breast tissue models based on glycerol–oil mixture with agar powder are developed. Dielectric properties of the tissue are stable over a wide frequency range up to 20 GHz at room temperature. The typical high microwave power losses within biological tissue at the operating frequency range are addressed by contacting the antennas directly to the tissue and slightly compressing the phantom without any coupling medium. Hence, the compressed breast geometry has a flat surface with well–defined boundaries, which simplifies tumor localization algorithms. For the purpose of demonstrating the current stage of research, a one–dimensional scanning system is used to localize the tumor’s positions inside the simulated, heterogeneous breast model of 36 mm thickness. Using the root mean square deviation algorithm, we can accurately detect positions of the tumors, which have a cross-sectional area down to 4 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 4 mm <sup>2</sup>. The preliminary results show the feasibility of achieving a high resolution with a compact microwave system for early-stage breast cancer detection.Duy Hai NguyenJonathan StindlTeresa SlaninaJochen MollViktor KrozerGernot ZimmerIEEEarticleUltra–wideband antenna (UWB)bow–tie structureheterogeneous breast tissue mimicroot mean square deviation (RMSD) algorithmTelecommunicationTK5101-6720ENIEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Vol 2, Pp 1098-1107 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ultra–wideband antenna (UWB) bow–tie structure heterogeneous breast tissue mimic root mean square deviation (RMSD) algorithm Telecommunication TK5101-6720
spellingShingle	Ultra–wideband antenna (UWB) bow–tie structure heterogeneous breast tissue mimic root mean square deviation (RMSD) algorithm Telecommunication TK5101-6720 Duy Hai Nguyen Jonathan Stindl Teresa Slanina Jochen Moll Viktor Krozer Gernot Zimmer High Frequency Breast Imaging: Experimental Analysis of Tissue Phantoms
description	This article presents the experimental proof of concept of high–frequency microwave breast imaging system operating from 16 to 20 GHz. At those frequencies the wavelengths are in the order of millimeter range which support better resolution in localizing cancerous tumors compared to the conventional microwave imaging systems. A new antenna is developed with a compact size of 7 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 7 mm <sup>2</sup>, which relies on an ultra-wideband, planar bowtie-like antenna structure. Practical results show that a bandwidth of 23.45 GHz is achieved (16 – 40 GHz) for a reflection loss higher than 10 dB. Furthermore, artificial breast tissue models based on glycerol–oil mixture with agar powder are developed. Dielectric properties of the tissue are stable over a wide frequency range up to 20 GHz at room temperature. The typical high microwave power losses within biological tissue at the operating frequency range are addressed by contacting the antennas directly to the tissue and slightly compressing the phantom without any coupling medium. Hence, the compressed breast geometry has a flat surface with well–defined boundaries, which simplifies tumor localization algorithms. For the purpose of demonstrating the current stage of research, a one–dimensional scanning system is used to localize the tumor’s positions inside the simulated, heterogeneous breast model of 36 mm thickness. Using the root mean square deviation algorithm, we can accurately detect positions of the tumors, which have a cross-sectional area down to 4 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 4 mm <sup>2</sup>. The preliminary results show the feasibility of achieving a high resolution with a compact microwave system for early-stage breast cancer detection.
format	article
author	Duy Hai Nguyen Jonathan Stindl Teresa Slanina Jochen Moll Viktor Krozer Gernot Zimmer
author_facet	Duy Hai Nguyen Jonathan Stindl Teresa Slanina Jochen Moll Viktor Krozer Gernot Zimmer
author_sort	Duy Hai Nguyen
title	High Frequency Breast Imaging: Experimental Analysis of Tissue Phantoms
title_short	High Frequency Breast Imaging: Experimental Analysis of Tissue Phantoms
title_full	High Frequency Breast Imaging: Experimental Analysis of Tissue Phantoms
title_fullStr	High Frequency Breast Imaging: Experimental Analysis of Tissue Phantoms
title_full_unstemmed	High Frequency Breast Imaging: Experimental Analysis of Tissue Phantoms
title_sort	high frequency breast imaging: experimental analysis of tissue phantoms
publisher	IEEE
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/58ace11dcdd14de6b4c75161e21e7ed3
work_keys_str_mv	AT duyhainguyen highfrequencybreastimagingexperimentalanalysisoftissuephantoms AT jonathanstindl highfrequencybreastimagingexperimentalanalysisoftissuephantoms AT teresaslanina highfrequencybreastimagingexperimentalanalysisoftissuephantoms AT jochenmoll highfrequencybreastimagingexperimentalanalysisoftissuephantoms AT viktorkrozer highfrequencybreastimagingexperimentalanalysisoftissuephantoms AT gernotzimmer highfrequencybreastimagingexperimentalanalysisoftissuephantoms
_version_	1718409968628006912

High Frequency Breast Imaging: Experimental Analysis of Tissue Phantoms

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