Outside-host growth of pathogens attenuates epidemiological outbreaks.

Opportunist saprotrophic pathogens differ from obligatory pathogens due to their capability in host-independent growth in environmental reservoirs. Thus, the outside-host environment potentially influences host-pathogen dynamics. Despite the socio-economical importance of these pathogens, theory on...

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Autores principales:	Ilona Merikanto, Jouni Laakso, Veijo Kaitala
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/58e02449e36648de9ef79ca6fc7b818b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:58e02449e36648de9ef79ca6fc7b818b2021-11-18T08:06:55ZOutside-host growth of pathogens attenuates epidemiological outbreaks.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0050158https://doaj.org/article/58e02449e36648de9ef79ca6fc7b818b2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23226245/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Opportunist saprotrophic pathogens differ from obligatory pathogens due to their capability in host-independent growth in environmental reservoirs. Thus, the outside-host environment potentially influences host-pathogen dynamics. Despite the socio-economical importance of these pathogens, theory on their dynamics is practically missing. We analyzed a novel epidemiological model that couples outside-host density-dependent growth to host-pathogen dynamics. Parameterization was based on columnaris disease, a major hazard in fresh water fish farms caused by saprotrophic Flavobacterium columnare. Stability analysis and numerical simulations revealed that the outside-host growth maintains high proportion of infected individuals, and under some conditions can drive host extinct. The model can show stable or cyclic dynamics, and the outside-host growth regulates the frequency and intensity of outbreaks. This result emerges because the density-dependence stabilizes dynamics. Our analysis demonstrates that coupling of outside-host growth and traditional host-pathogen dynamics has profound influence on disease prevalence and dynamics. This also has implications on the control of these diseases.Ilona MerikantoJouni LaaksoVeijo KaitalaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 11, p e50158 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ilona Merikanto Jouni Laakso Veijo Kaitala Outside-host growth of pathogens attenuates epidemiological outbreaks.
description	Opportunist saprotrophic pathogens differ from obligatory pathogens due to their capability in host-independent growth in environmental reservoirs. Thus, the outside-host environment potentially influences host-pathogen dynamics. Despite the socio-economical importance of these pathogens, theory on their dynamics is practically missing. We analyzed a novel epidemiological model that couples outside-host density-dependent growth to host-pathogen dynamics. Parameterization was based on columnaris disease, a major hazard in fresh water fish farms caused by saprotrophic Flavobacterium columnare. Stability analysis and numerical simulations revealed that the outside-host growth maintains high proportion of infected individuals, and under some conditions can drive host extinct. The model can show stable or cyclic dynamics, and the outside-host growth regulates the frequency and intensity of outbreaks. This result emerges because the density-dependence stabilizes dynamics. Our analysis demonstrates that coupling of outside-host growth and traditional host-pathogen dynamics has profound influence on disease prevalence and dynamics. This also has implications on the control of these diseases.
format	article
author	Ilona Merikanto Jouni Laakso Veijo Kaitala
author_facet	Ilona Merikanto Jouni Laakso Veijo Kaitala
author_sort	Ilona Merikanto
title	Outside-host growth of pathogens attenuates epidemiological outbreaks.
title_short	Outside-host growth of pathogens attenuates epidemiological outbreaks.
title_full	Outside-host growth of pathogens attenuates epidemiological outbreaks.
title_fullStr	Outside-host growth of pathogens attenuates epidemiological outbreaks.
title_full_unstemmed	Outside-host growth of pathogens attenuates epidemiological outbreaks.
title_sort	outside-host growth of pathogens attenuates epidemiological outbreaks.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/58e02449e36648de9ef79ca6fc7b818b
work_keys_str_mv	AT ilonamerikanto outsidehostgrowthofpathogensattenuatesepidemiologicaloutbreaks AT jounilaakso outsidehostgrowthofpathogensattenuatesepidemiologicaloutbreaks AT veijokaitala outsidehostgrowthofpathogensattenuatesepidemiologicaloutbreaks
_version_	1718422168139726848

Outside-host growth of pathogens attenuates epidemiological outbreaks.

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