The effects of inhaling hydrogen gas on macrophage polarization, fibrosis, and lung function in mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury

Abstract Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is caused by acute lung injury, is a destructive respiratory disorder caused by a systemic inflammatory response. Persistent inflammation results in irreversible alveolar fibrosis. Because hydrogen gas possesses anti-inflammatory propert...

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Autores principales:	Toshiyuki Aokage, Mizuki Seya, Takahiro Hirayama, Tsuyoshi Nojima, Masumi Iketani, Michiko Ishikawa, Yasuhiro Terasaki, Akihiko Taniguchi, Nobuaki Miyahara, Atsunori Nakao, Ikuroh Ohsawa, Hiromichi Naito
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Acute respiratory distress syndrome Bleomycin-induced lung injury Macrophage Molecular hydrogen Lung fibrosis Diseases of the respiratory system RC705-779
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/58f7a2d72e1948ee941a0ae606f85866
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:58f7a2d72e1948ee941a0ae606f858662021-11-08T11:13:19ZThe effects of inhaling hydrogen gas on macrophage polarization, fibrosis, and lung function in mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury10.1186/s12890-021-01712-21471-2466https://doaj.org/article/58f7a2d72e1948ee941a0ae606f858662021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-021-01712-2https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2466Abstract Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is caused by acute lung injury, is a destructive respiratory disorder caused by a systemic inflammatory response. Persistent inflammation results in irreversible alveolar fibrosis. Because hydrogen gas possesses anti-inflammatory properties, we hypothesized that daily repeated inhalation of hydrogen gas could suppress persistent lung inflammation by inducing functional changes in macrophages, and consequently inhibit lung fibrosis during late-phase lung injury. Methods To test this hypothesis, lung injury was induced in mice by intratracheal administration of bleomycin (1.0 mg/kg). Mice were exposed to control gas (air) or hydrogen (3.2% in air) for 6 h every day for 7 or 21 days. Respiratory physiology, tissue pathology, markers of inflammation, and macrophage phenotypes were examined. Results Mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury that received daily hydrogen therapy for 21 days (BH group) exhibited higher static compliance (0.056 mL/cmH2O, 95% CI 0.047–0.064) than mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury exposed only to air (BA group; 0.042 mL/cmH2O, 95% CI 0.031–0.053, p = 0.02) and lower static elastance (BH 18.8 cmH2O/mL, [95% CI 15.4–22.2] vs. BA 26.7 cmH2O/mL [95% CI 19.6–33.8], p = 0.02). When the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were examined 7 days after bleomycin administration, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-4 and IL-13 were significantly lower in the BH group than in the BA group. There were significantly fewer M2-biased macrophages in the alveolar interstitium of the BH group than in the BA group (3.1% [95% CI 1.6–4.5%] vs. 1.1% [95% CI 0.3–1.8%], p = 0.008). Conclusions The results suggest that hydrogen inhalation inhibits the deterioration of respiratory physiological function and alveolar fibrosis in this model of lung injury.Toshiyuki AokageMizuki SeyaTakahiro HirayamaTsuyoshi NojimaMasumi IketaniMichiko IshikawaYasuhiro TerasakiAkihiko TaniguchiNobuaki MiyaharaAtsunori NakaoIkuroh OhsawaHiromichi NaitoBMCarticleAcute respiratory distress syndromeBleomycin-induced lung injuryMacrophageMolecular hydrogenLung fibrosisDiseases of the respiratory systemRC705-779ENBMC Pulmonary Medicine, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Acute respiratory distress syndrome Bleomycin-induced lung injury Macrophage Molecular hydrogen Lung fibrosis Diseases of the respiratory system RC705-779
spellingShingle	Acute respiratory distress syndrome Bleomycin-induced lung injury Macrophage Molecular hydrogen Lung fibrosis Diseases of the respiratory system RC705-779 Toshiyuki Aokage Mizuki Seya Takahiro Hirayama Tsuyoshi Nojima Masumi Iketani Michiko Ishikawa Yasuhiro Terasaki Akihiko Taniguchi Nobuaki Miyahara Atsunori Nakao Ikuroh Ohsawa Hiromichi Naito The effects of inhaling hydrogen gas on macrophage polarization, fibrosis, and lung function in mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury
description	Abstract Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is caused by acute lung injury, is a destructive respiratory disorder caused by a systemic inflammatory response. Persistent inflammation results in irreversible alveolar fibrosis. Because hydrogen gas possesses anti-inflammatory properties, we hypothesized that daily repeated inhalation of hydrogen gas could suppress persistent lung inflammation by inducing functional changes in macrophages, and consequently inhibit lung fibrosis during late-phase lung injury. Methods To test this hypothesis, lung injury was induced in mice by intratracheal administration of bleomycin (1.0 mg/kg). Mice were exposed to control gas (air) or hydrogen (3.2% in air) for 6 h every day for 7 or 21 days. Respiratory physiology, tissue pathology, markers of inflammation, and macrophage phenotypes were examined. Results Mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury that received daily hydrogen therapy for 21 days (BH group) exhibited higher static compliance (0.056 mL/cmH2O, 95% CI 0.047–0.064) than mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury exposed only to air (BA group; 0.042 mL/cmH2O, 95% CI 0.031–0.053, p = 0.02) and lower static elastance (BH 18.8 cmH2O/mL, [95% CI 15.4–22.2] vs. BA 26.7 cmH2O/mL [95% CI 19.6–33.8], p = 0.02). When the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were examined 7 days after bleomycin administration, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-4 and IL-13 were significantly lower in the BH group than in the BA group. There were significantly fewer M2-biased macrophages in the alveolar interstitium of the BH group than in the BA group (3.1% [95% CI 1.6–4.5%] vs. 1.1% [95% CI 0.3–1.8%], p = 0.008). Conclusions The results suggest that hydrogen inhalation inhibits the deterioration of respiratory physiological function and alveolar fibrosis in this model of lung injury.
format	article
author	Toshiyuki Aokage Mizuki Seya Takahiro Hirayama Tsuyoshi Nojima Masumi Iketani Michiko Ishikawa Yasuhiro Terasaki Akihiko Taniguchi Nobuaki Miyahara Atsunori Nakao Ikuroh Ohsawa Hiromichi Naito
author_facet	Toshiyuki Aokage Mizuki Seya Takahiro Hirayama Tsuyoshi Nojima Masumi Iketani Michiko Ishikawa Yasuhiro Terasaki Akihiko Taniguchi Nobuaki Miyahara Atsunori Nakao Ikuroh Ohsawa Hiromichi Naito
author_sort	Toshiyuki Aokage
title	The effects of inhaling hydrogen gas on macrophage polarization, fibrosis, and lung function in mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury
title_short	The effects of inhaling hydrogen gas on macrophage polarization, fibrosis, and lung function in mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury
title_full	The effects of inhaling hydrogen gas on macrophage polarization, fibrosis, and lung function in mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury
title_fullStr	The effects of inhaling hydrogen gas on macrophage polarization, fibrosis, and lung function in mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury
title_full_unstemmed	The effects of inhaling hydrogen gas on macrophage polarization, fibrosis, and lung function in mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury
title_sort	effects of inhaling hydrogen gas on macrophage polarization, fibrosis, and lung function in mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/58f7a2d72e1948ee941a0ae606f85866
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The effects of inhaling hydrogen gas on macrophage polarization, fibrosis, and lung function in mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury

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