The neural substrate of positive bias in spontaneous emotional processing.

Even in the presence of negative information, healthy human beings display an optimistic tendency when thinking of past success and future chances, giving a positive bias to everyday's cognition. The tendency to actively select positive thoughts suggests the existence of a mechanism to exclude...

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Autores principales:	Roberto Viviani, Hanna Lo, Eun-Jin Sim, Petra Beschoner, Julia C Stingl, Andrea B Horn
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/59290e96a7ec4f2b8c286af03f824ad5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:59290e96a7ec4f2b8c286af03f824ad52021-11-18T07:02:23ZThe neural substrate of positive bias in spontaneous emotional processing.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0015454https://doaj.org/article/59290e96a7ec4f2b8c286af03f824ad52010-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21079747/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Even in the presence of negative information, healthy human beings display an optimistic tendency when thinking of past success and future chances, giving a positive bias to everyday's cognition. The tendency to actively select positive thoughts suggests the existence of a mechanism to exclude negative content, raising the issue of its dependence on mechanisms like those of effortful control. Using perfusion imaging, we examined how brain activations differed according to whether participants were left to prefer positive thoughts spontaneously, or followed an explicit instruction to the same effect, finding a widespread dissociation of brain perfusion patterns. Under spontaneous processing of emotional material, recruitment of areas associated with effortful attention, such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, was reduced relative to instructed avoidance of negative material (F(1,58) = 26.24, p = 0.047, corrected). Under spontaneous avoidance perfusion increments were observed in several areas that were deactivated by the task, including the perigenual medial prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, individual differences in executive capacity were not associated with positive bias. These findings suggest that spontaneous positive cognitive emotion regulation in health may result from processes that, while actively suppressing emotionally salient information, differ from those associated with effortful and directed control.Roberto VivianiHanna LoEun-Jin SimPetra BeschonerJulia C StinglAndrea B HornPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 11, p e15454 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Roberto Viviani Hanna Lo Eun-Jin Sim Petra Beschoner Julia C Stingl Andrea B Horn The neural substrate of positive bias in spontaneous emotional processing.
description	Even in the presence of negative information, healthy human beings display an optimistic tendency when thinking of past success and future chances, giving a positive bias to everyday's cognition. The tendency to actively select positive thoughts suggests the existence of a mechanism to exclude negative content, raising the issue of its dependence on mechanisms like those of effortful control. Using perfusion imaging, we examined how brain activations differed according to whether participants were left to prefer positive thoughts spontaneously, or followed an explicit instruction to the same effect, finding a widespread dissociation of brain perfusion patterns. Under spontaneous processing of emotional material, recruitment of areas associated with effortful attention, such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, was reduced relative to instructed avoidance of negative material (F(1,58) = 26.24, p = 0.047, corrected). Under spontaneous avoidance perfusion increments were observed in several areas that were deactivated by the task, including the perigenual medial prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, individual differences in executive capacity were not associated with positive bias. These findings suggest that spontaneous positive cognitive emotion regulation in health may result from processes that, while actively suppressing emotionally salient information, differ from those associated with effortful and directed control.
format	article
author	Roberto Viviani Hanna Lo Eun-Jin Sim Petra Beschoner Julia C Stingl Andrea B Horn
author_facet	Roberto Viviani Hanna Lo Eun-Jin Sim Petra Beschoner Julia C Stingl Andrea B Horn
author_sort	Roberto Viviani
title	The neural substrate of positive bias in spontaneous emotional processing.
title_short	The neural substrate of positive bias in spontaneous emotional processing.
title_full	The neural substrate of positive bias in spontaneous emotional processing.
title_fullStr	The neural substrate of positive bias in spontaneous emotional processing.
title_full_unstemmed	The neural substrate of positive bias in spontaneous emotional processing.
title_sort	neural substrate of positive bias in spontaneous emotional processing.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/59290e96a7ec4f2b8c286af03f824ad5
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The neural substrate of positive bias in spontaneous emotional processing.

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