Vertical Structure of a Snowfall Event Based on Observations From the Aircraft and Mountain Station in Beijing

An aircraft platform, ground-based disdrometer, cloud radar, radiometer, and automatic station were combined to study a snowfall case (16:30–21:00 observed by ground cloud radar) on the Yangqing Mountains in Beijing. Comparing the variation of ice habit and number concentration at aircraft altitude...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:
Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Yu Huang, Delong Zhao, Yuanmou Du, Yichen Chen, Lei Zhang, Xia Li, Yingying Jing
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/596ca644e8a94012a75536681a8465cd
Etiquetas: Agregar Etiqueta
Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!
id oai:doaj.org-article:596ca644e8a94012a75536681a8465cd
record_format dspace
spelling oai:doaj.org-article:596ca644e8a94012a75536681a8465cd2021-11-12T07:05:39ZVertical Structure of a Snowfall Event Based on Observations From the Aircraft and Mountain Station in Beijing2296-665X10.3389/fenvs.2021.783356https://doaj.org/article/596ca644e8a94012a75536681a8465cd2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2021.783356/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-665XAn aircraft platform, ground-based disdrometer, cloud radar, radiometer, and automatic station were combined to study a snowfall case (16:30–21:00 observed by ground cloud radar) on the Yangqing Mountains in Beijing. Comparing the variation of ice habit and number concentration at aircraft altitude (2.9–3.2 km) and ground, we discussed the ice growth mechanisms in the Beijing Mountains. Results indicated that the snowfall was steady but not strong with reflectivity less than 20dBZ, and cloud top altitude less than 4.5 km. The number concentrations for both liquid and ice crystals at aircraft altitude and ground were very similar, both dominated by small particles at diameters of 0.1–1.2 mm, and the proportion of mean number concentrations at small diameters both in the aircraft and on the ground was large, peaking at 44 L−1 mm−1 and 8826 L−1 mm−1 respectively, and decreased rapidly as the diameter increased. There was no mixed phase in clouds with little liquid water. Particles were relatively regular, and were transparent with dendritic and disk-hexagonal shapes. The ice crystals and snowflakes were mainly grown by the deposition and aggregation, rarely by the riming process, and no secondary ice formation was observed.Yu HuangYu HuangYu HuangDelong ZhaoDelong ZhaoDelong ZhaoYuanmou DuYuanmou DuYuanmou DuYichen ChenLei ZhangXia LiYingying JingFrontiers Media S.A.articleBeijing mountains snowfallground-based disdrometeraircraft platformvertical structurecComprehensive observationEnvironmental sciencesGE1-350ENFrontiers in Environmental Science, Vol 9 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Beijing mountains snowfall
ground-based disdrometer
aircraft platform
vertical structure
cComprehensive observation
Environmental sciences
GE1-350
spellingShingle Beijing mountains snowfall
ground-based disdrometer
aircraft platform
vertical structure
cComprehensive observation
Environmental sciences
GE1-350
Yu Huang
Yu Huang
Yu Huang
Delong Zhao
Delong Zhao
Delong Zhao
Yuanmou Du
Yuanmou Du
Yuanmou Du
Yichen Chen
Lei Zhang
Xia Li
Yingying Jing
Vertical Structure of a Snowfall Event Based on Observations From the Aircraft and Mountain Station in Beijing
description An aircraft platform, ground-based disdrometer, cloud radar, radiometer, and automatic station were combined to study a snowfall case (16:30–21:00 observed by ground cloud radar) on the Yangqing Mountains in Beijing. Comparing the variation of ice habit and number concentration at aircraft altitude (2.9–3.2 km) and ground, we discussed the ice growth mechanisms in the Beijing Mountains. Results indicated that the snowfall was steady but not strong with reflectivity less than 20dBZ, and cloud top altitude less than 4.5 km. The number concentrations for both liquid and ice crystals at aircraft altitude and ground were very similar, both dominated by small particles at diameters of 0.1–1.2 mm, and the proportion of mean number concentrations at small diameters both in the aircraft and on the ground was large, peaking at 44 L−1 mm−1 and 8826 L−1 mm−1 respectively, and decreased rapidly as the diameter increased. There was no mixed phase in clouds with little liquid water. Particles were relatively regular, and were transparent with dendritic and disk-hexagonal shapes. The ice crystals and snowflakes were mainly grown by the deposition and aggregation, rarely by the riming process, and no secondary ice formation was observed.
format article
author Yu Huang
Yu Huang
Yu Huang
Delong Zhao
Delong Zhao
Delong Zhao
Yuanmou Du
Yuanmou Du
Yuanmou Du
Yichen Chen
Lei Zhang
Xia Li
Yingying Jing
author_facet Yu Huang
Yu Huang
Yu Huang
Delong Zhao
Delong Zhao
Delong Zhao
Yuanmou Du
Yuanmou Du
Yuanmou Du
Yichen Chen
Lei Zhang
Xia Li
Yingying Jing
author_sort Yu Huang
title Vertical Structure of a Snowfall Event Based on Observations From the Aircraft and Mountain Station in Beijing
title_short Vertical Structure of a Snowfall Event Based on Observations From the Aircraft and Mountain Station in Beijing
title_full Vertical Structure of a Snowfall Event Based on Observations From the Aircraft and Mountain Station in Beijing
title_fullStr Vertical Structure of a Snowfall Event Based on Observations From the Aircraft and Mountain Station in Beijing
title_full_unstemmed Vertical Structure of a Snowfall Event Based on Observations From the Aircraft and Mountain Station in Beijing
title_sort vertical structure of a snowfall event based on observations from the aircraft and mountain station in beijing
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/596ca644e8a94012a75536681a8465cd
work_keys_str_mv AT yuhuang verticalstructureofasnowfalleventbasedonobservationsfromtheaircraftandmountainstationinbeijing
AT yuhuang verticalstructureofasnowfalleventbasedonobservationsfromtheaircraftandmountainstationinbeijing
AT yuhuang verticalstructureofasnowfalleventbasedonobservationsfromtheaircraftandmountainstationinbeijing
AT delongzhao verticalstructureofasnowfalleventbasedonobservationsfromtheaircraftandmountainstationinbeijing
AT delongzhao verticalstructureofasnowfalleventbasedonobservationsfromtheaircraftandmountainstationinbeijing
AT delongzhao verticalstructureofasnowfalleventbasedonobservationsfromtheaircraftandmountainstationinbeijing
AT yuanmoudu verticalstructureofasnowfalleventbasedonobservationsfromtheaircraftandmountainstationinbeijing
AT yuanmoudu verticalstructureofasnowfalleventbasedonobservationsfromtheaircraftandmountainstationinbeijing
AT yuanmoudu verticalstructureofasnowfalleventbasedonobservationsfromtheaircraftandmountainstationinbeijing
AT yichenchen verticalstructureofasnowfalleventbasedonobservationsfromtheaircraftandmountainstationinbeijing
AT leizhang verticalstructureofasnowfalleventbasedonobservationsfromtheaircraftandmountainstationinbeijing
AT xiali verticalstructureofasnowfalleventbasedonobservationsfromtheaircraftandmountainstationinbeijing
AT yingyingjing verticalstructureofasnowfalleventbasedonobservationsfromtheaircraftandmountainstationinbeijing
_version_ 1718431107877175296