Emotional Rational Education Training Associated with Mindfulness for Managing Anxiety within Adolescents Affected by High-Functioning Autism: A Descriptive Study

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a chronic and persistent pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) whose characteristic deficit is represented by social difficulties, semantic–pragmatic alterations and a limited, unusual and repetitive pattern of interests and behaviors. Specifically, ind...

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Autores principales:	Alessandro Frolli, Maria Carla Ricci, Francesca Di Carmine, Agnese Orefice, Emilio Saviano, Marco Carotenuto
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	mindfulness and rational emotional education autism spectrum disorder internalizing disorders social skills education training psychotherapy Psychology BF1-990
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/596fff7d4c2f4993a5644dd30766be89
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:596fff7d4c2f4993a5644dd30766be892021-11-25T16:46:14ZEmotional Rational Education Training Associated with Mindfulness for Managing Anxiety within Adolescents Affected by High-Functioning Autism: A Descriptive Study10.3390/bs111101562076-328Xhttps://doaj.org/article/596fff7d4c2f4993a5644dd30766be892021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/11/11/156https://doaj.org/toc/2076-328XBackground: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a chronic and persistent pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) whose characteristic deficit is represented by social difficulties, semantic–pragmatic alterations and a limited, unusual and repetitive pattern of interests and behaviors. Specifically, individuals with high-functioning autism (HFA) frequently exhibit associated internalizing symptoms that are not part of the diagnostic criteria but which, nonetheless, tend to impair daily functioning. In this study, we investigated how some forms of treatment could be useful in subjects with HFA who display internalizing symptoms. Theoretical background relates to standard cognitive therapy (SCT) and rational education training with mindfulness (M-ERE). Methods: In this study, we investigated how some forms of treatment could be useful in subjects with HFA and internalizing symptoms, focusing on standard cognitive therapy (SCT) and mindfulness associated with emotional rational education training (M-ERE). We selected two groups of HFA patients with significant internalizing symptoms and performed two different forms of treatment for six months: SCT and M-ERE. The aim of the study was to verify the effectiveness of an M-ERE protocol with respect to anxious and depressive symptoms in subjects with HFA. Furthermore, we wanted to compare the results obtained with this combined treatment with those obtained in HFA subjects treated with SCT. Results: Our analyses showed an improvement in the internalizing symptoms (especially those related to the anxiety dimension) of the group that followed a treatment based on mindfulness and rational emotional education for 6 months compared to the group that had instead performed a 6-month treatment based on the SCT. Conclusions: Our hypotheses were supported by the results, which highlighted the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in the treatment of internalizing symptoms in adolescents with HFA, and specifically showed that an M-ERE intervention appears more effective in managing anxiety compared to treatment with SCT and appears to be equally effective in the management of depressive symptoms. Not only was the M-ERE treatment effective for the management of anxious and depressive symptoms in subjects with HFA, but the efficacy for the management of anxious symptoms was greater than the SCT treatment.Alessandro FrolliMaria Carla RicciFrancesca Di CarmineAgnese OreficeEmilio SavianoMarco CarotenutoMDPI AGarticlemindfulness and rational emotional educationautism spectrum disorderinternalizing disorderssocial skillseducation trainingpsychotherapyPsychologyBF1-990ENBehavioral Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 156, p 156 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	mindfulness and rational emotional education autism spectrum disorder internalizing disorders social skills education training psychotherapy Psychology BF1-990
spellingShingle	mindfulness and rational emotional education autism spectrum disorder internalizing disorders social skills education training psychotherapy Psychology BF1-990 Alessandro Frolli Maria Carla Ricci Francesca Di Carmine Agnese Orefice Emilio Saviano Marco Carotenuto Emotional Rational Education Training Associated with Mindfulness for Managing Anxiety within Adolescents Affected by High-Functioning Autism: A Descriptive Study
description	Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a chronic and persistent pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) whose characteristic deficit is represented by social difficulties, semantic–pragmatic alterations and a limited, unusual and repetitive pattern of interests and behaviors. Specifically, individuals with high-functioning autism (HFA) frequently exhibit associated internalizing symptoms that are not part of the diagnostic criteria but which, nonetheless, tend to impair daily functioning. In this study, we investigated how some forms of treatment could be useful in subjects with HFA who display internalizing symptoms. Theoretical background relates to standard cognitive therapy (SCT) and rational education training with mindfulness (M-ERE). Methods: In this study, we investigated how some forms of treatment could be useful in subjects with HFA and internalizing symptoms, focusing on standard cognitive therapy (SCT) and mindfulness associated with emotional rational education training (M-ERE). We selected two groups of HFA patients with significant internalizing symptoms and performed two different forms of treatment for six months: SCT and M-ERE. The aim of the study was to verify the effectiveness of an M-ERE protocol with respect to anxious and depressive symptoms in subjects with HFA. Furthermore, we wanted to compare the results obtained with this combined treatment with those obtained in HFA subjects treated with SCT. Results: Our analyses showed an improvement in the internalizing symptoms (especially those related to the anxiety dimension) of the group that followed a treatment based on mindfulness and rational emotional education for 6 months compared to the group that had instead performed a 6-month treatment based on the SCT. Conclusions: Our hypotheses were supported by the results, which highlighted the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in the treatment of internalizing symptoms in adolescents with HFA, and specifically showed that an M-ERE intervention appears more effective in managing anxiety compared to treatment with SCT and appears to be equally effective in the management of depressive symptoms. Not only was the M-ERE treatment effective for the management of anxious and depressive symptoms in subjects with HFA, but the efficacy for the management of anxious symptoms was greater than the SCT treatment.
format	article
author	Alessandro Frolli Maria Carla Ricci Francesca Di Carmine Agnese Orefice Emilio Saviano Marco Carotenuto
author_facet	Alessandro Frolli Maria Carla Ricci Francesca Di Carmine Agnese Orefice Emilio Saviano Marco Carotenuto
author_sort	Alessandro Frolli
title	Emotional Rational Education Training Associated with Mindfulness for Managing Anxiety within Adolescents Affected by High-Functioning Autism: A Descriptive Study
title_short	Emotional Rational Education Training Associated with Mindfulness for Managing Anxiety within Adolescents Affected by High-Functioning Autism: A Descriptive Study
title_full	Emotional Rational Education Training Associated with Mindfulness for Managing Anxiety within Adolescents Affected by High-Functioning Autism: A Descriptive Study
title_fullStr	Emotional Rational Education Training Associated with Mindfulness for Managing Anxiety within Adolescents Affected by High-Functioning Autism: A Descriptive Study
title_full_unstemmed	Emotional Rational Education Training Associated with Mindfulness for Managing Anxiety within Adolescents Affected by High-Functioning Autism: A Descriptive Study
title_sort	emotional rational education training associated with mindfulness for managing anxiety within adolescents affected by high-functioning autism: a descriptive study
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/596fff7d4c2f4993a5644dd30766be89
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Emotional Rational Education Training Associated with Mindfulness for Managing Anxiety within Adolescents Affected by High-Functioning Autism: A Descriptive Study

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