Cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression

Abstract To identify novel cancer therapies, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has received a lot of attention in recent years in particular with the advent of clinical successes achieved by targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The TME consists of multiple cell types that are embedded in th...

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Autores principales:	Chao Li, Adilson Fonseca Teixeira, Hong-Jian Zhu, Peter ten Dijke
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	TME CAFs cancer cells immune cells exosomes biomarkers Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5979fbf8877648568df0c07f3e638bca
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5979fbf8877648568df0c07f3e638bca2021-12-05T12:03:28ZCancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression10.1186/s12943-021-01463-y1476-4598https://doaj.org/article/5979fbf8877648568df0c07f3e638bca2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-021-01463-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/1476-4598Abstract To identify novel cancer therapies, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has received a lot of attention in recent years in particular with the advent of clinical successes achieved by targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The TME consists of multiple cell types that are embedded in the extracellular matrix (ECM), including immune cells, endothelial cells and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which communicate with cancer cells and each other during tumor progression. CAFs are a dominant and heterogeneous cell type within the TME with a pivotal role in controlling cancer cell invasion and metastasis, immune evasion, angiogenesis and chemotherapy resistance. CAFs mediate their effects in part by remodeling the ECM and by secreting soluble factors and extracellular vesicles. Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain various biomolecules such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins. The biomolecules in exosomes can be transmitted from one to another cell, and thereby affect the behavior of the receiving cell. As exosomes are also present in circulation, their contents can also be explored as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer patients. In this review, we concentrate on the role of CAFs-derived exosomes in the communication between CAFs and cancer cells and other cells of the TME. First, we introduce the multiple roles of CAFs in tumorigenesis. Thereafter, we discuss the ways CAFs communicate with cancer cells and interplay with other cells of the TME, and focus in particular on the role of exosomes. Then, we elaborate on the mechanisms by which CAFs-derived exosomes contribute to cancer progression, as well as and the clinical impact of exosomes. We conclude by discussing aspects of exosomes that deserve further investigation, including emerging insights into making treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor blockade more efficient.Chao LiAdilson Fonseca TeixeiraHong-Jian ZhuPeter ten DijkeBMCarticleTMECAFscancer cellsimmune cellsexosomesbiomarkersNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENMolecular Cancer, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-19 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	TME CAFs cancer cells immune cells exosomes biomarkers Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	TME CAFs cancer cells immune cells exosomes biomarkers Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Chao Li Adilson Fonseca Teixeira Hong-Jian Zhu Peter ten Dijke Cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression
description	Abstract To identify novel cancer therapies, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has received a lot of attention in recent years in particular with the advent of clinical successes achieved by targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The TME consists of multiple cell types that are embedded in the extracellular matrix (ECM), including immune cells, endothelial cells and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which communicate with cancer cells and each other during tumor progression. CAFs are a dominant and heterogeneous cell type within the TME with a pivotal role in controlling cancer cell invasion and metastasis, immune evasion, angiogenesis and chemotherapy resistance. CAFs mediate their effects in part by remodeling the ECM and by secreting soluble factors and extracellular vesicles. Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain various biomolecules such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins. The biomolecules in exosomes can be transmitted from one to another cell, and thereby affect the behavior of the receiving cell. As exosomes are also present in circulation, their contents can also be explored as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer patients. In this review, we concentrate on the role of CAFs-derived exosomes in the communication between CAFs and cancer cells and other cells of the TME. First, we introduce the multiple roles of CAFs in tumorigenesis. Thereafter, we discuss the ways CAFs communicate with cancer cells and interplay with other cells of the TME, and focus in particular on the role of exosomes. Then, we elaborate on the mechanisms by which CAFs-derived exosomes contribute to cancer progression, as well as and the clinical impact of exosomes. We conclude by discussing aspects of exosomes that deserve further investigation, including emerging insights into making treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor blockade more efficient.
format	article
author	Chao Li Adilson Fonseca Teixeira Hong-Jian Zhu Peter ten Dijke
author_facet	Chao Li Adilson Fonseca Teixeira Hong-Jian Zhu Peter ten Dijke
author_sort	Chao Li
title	Cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression
title_short	Cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression
title_full	Cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression
title_fullStr	Cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression
title_full_unstemmed	Cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression
title_sort	cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5979fbf8877648568df0c07f3e638bca
work_keys_str_mv	AT chaoli cancerassociatedfibroblastderivedexosomesincancerprogression AT adilsonfonsecateixeira cancerassociatedfibroblastderivedexosomesincancerprogression AT hongjianzhu cancerassociatedfibroblastderivedexosomesincancerprogression AT petertendijke cancerassociatedfibroblastderivedexosomesincancerprogression
_version_	1718372317395943424

Cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression

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