Binocular combination of second-order stimuli.

Phase information is a fundamental aspect of visual stimuli. However, the nature of the binocular combination of stimuli defined by modulations in contrast, so-called second-order stimuli, is presently not clear. To address this issue, we measured binocular combination for first- (luminance modulate...

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Autores principales:	Jiawei Zhou, Rong Liu, Yifeng Zhou, Robert F Hess
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/59b9c3decced42db8a6db89b09e91015
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:59b9c3decced42db8a6db89b09e910152021-11-18T08:38:56ZBinocular combination of second-order stimuli.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0084632https://doaj.org/article/59b9c3decced42db8a6db89b09e910152014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24404180/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Phase information is a fundamental aspect of visual stimuli. However, the nature of the binocular combination of stimuli defined by modulations in contrast, so-called second-order stimuli, is presently not clear. To address this issue, we measured binocular combination for first- (luminance modulated) and second-order (contrast modulated) stimuli using a binocular phase combination paradigm in seven normal adults. We found that the binocular perceived phase of second-order gratings depends on the interocular signal ratio as has been previously shown for their first order counterparts; the interocular signal ratios when the two eyes were balanced was close to 1 in both first- and second-order phase combinations. However, second-order combination is more linear than previously found for first-order combination. Furthermore, binocular combination of second-order stimuli was similar regardless of whether the carriers in the two eyes were correlated, anti-correlated, or uncorrelated. This suggests that, in normal adults, the binocular phase combination of second-order stimuli occurs after the monocular extracting of the second-order modulations. The sensory balance associated with this second-order combination can be obtained from binocular phase combination measurements.Jiawei ZhouRong LiuYifeng ZhouRobert F HessPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e84632 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jiawei Zhou Rong Liu Yifeng Zhou Robert F Hess Binocular combination of second-order stimuli.
description	Phase information is a fundamental aspect of visual stimuli. However, the nature of the binocular combination of stimuli defined by modulations in contrast, so-called second-order stimuli, is presently not clear. To address this issue, we measured binocular combination for first- (luminance modulated) and second-order (contrast modulated) stimuli using a binocular phase combination paradigm in seven normal adults. We found that the binocular perceived phase of second-order gratings depends on the interocular signal ratio as has been previously shown for their first order counterparts; the interocular signal ratios when the two eyes were balanced was close to 1 in both first- and second-order phase combinations. However, second-order combination is more linear than previously found for first-order combination. Furthermore, binocular combination of second-order stimuli was similar regardless of whether the carriers in the two eyes were correlated, anti-correlated, or uncorrelated. This suggests that, in normal adults, the binocular phase combination of second-order stimuli occurs after the monocular extracting of the second-order modulations. The sensory balance associated with this second-order combination can be obtained from binocular phase combination measurements.
format	article
author	Jiawei Zhou Rong Liu Yifeng Zhou Robert F Hess
author_facet	Jiawei Zhou Rong Liu Yifeng Zhou Robert F Hess
author_sort	Jiawei Zhou
title	Binocular combination of second-order stimuli.
title_short	Binocular combination of second-order stimuli.
title_full	Binocular combination of second-order stimuli.
title_fullStr	Binocular combination of second-order stimuli.
title_full_unstemmed	Binocular combination of second-order stimuli.
title_sort	binocular combination of second-order stimuli.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/59b9c3decced42db8a6db89b09e91015
work_keys_str_mv	AT jiaweizhou binocularcombinationofsecondorderstimuli AT rongliu binocularcombinationofsecondorderstimuli AT yifengzhou binocularcombinationofsecondorderstimuli AT robertfhess binocularcombinationofsecondorderstimuli
_version_	1718421502286626816

Binocular combination of second-order stimuli.

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