Activity in inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortex signals the accumulation of evidence in a probability learning task.

In an uncertain environment, probabilities are key to predicting future events and making adaptive choices. However, little is known about how humans learn such probabilities and where and how they are encoded in the brain, especially when they concern more than two outcomes. During functional magne...

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Autores principales:	Mathieu d'Acremont, Eleonora Fornari, Peter Bossaerts
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/59ba5c099a8846f9bbe381107b81c04f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:59ba5c099a8846f9bbe381107b81c04f2021-11-18T05:52:28ZActivity in inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortex signals the accumulation of evidence in a probability learning task.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1002895https://doaj.org/article/59ba5c099a8846f9bbe381107b81c04f2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23401673/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358In an uncertain environment, probabilities are key to predicting future events and making adaptive choices. However, little is known about how humans learn such probabilities and where and how they are encoded in the brain, especially when they concern more than two outcomes. During functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), young adults learned the probabilities of uncertain stimuli through repetitive sampling. Stimuli represented payoffs and participants had to predict their occurrence to maximize their earnings. Choices indicated loss and risk aversion but unbiased estimation of probabilities. BOLD response in medial prefrontal cortex and angular gyri increased linearly with the probability of the currently observed stimulus, untainted by its value. Connectivity analyses during rest and task revealed that these regions belonged to the default mode network. The activation of past outcomes in memory is evoked as a possible mechanism to explain the engagement of the default mode network in probability learning. A BOLD response relating to value was detected only at decision time, mainly in striatum. It is concluded that activity in inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortex reflects the amount of evidence accumulated in favor of competing and uncertain outcomes.Mathieu d'AcremontEleonora FornariPeter BossaertsPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e1002895 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Mathieu d'Acremont Eleonora Fornari Peter Bossaerts Activity in inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortex signals the accumulation of evidence in a probability learning task.
description	In an uncertain environment, probabilities are key to predicting future events and making adaptive choices. However, little is known about how humans learn such probabilities and where and how they are encoded in the brain, especially when they concern more than two outcomes. During functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), young adults learned the probabilities of uncertain stimuli through repetitive sampling. Stimuli represented payoffs and participants had to predict their occurrence to maximize their earnings. Choices indicated loss and risk aversion but unbiased estimation of probabilities. BOLD response in medial prefrontal cortex and angular gyri increased linearly with the probability of the currently observed stimulus, untainted by its value. Connectivity analyses during rest and task revealed that these regions belonged to the default mode network. The activation of past outcomes in memory is evoked as a possible mechanism to explain the engagement of the default mode network in probability learning. A BOLD response relating to value was detected only at decision time, mainly in striatum. It is concluded that activity in inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortex reflects the amount of evidence accumulated in favor of competing and uncertain outcomes.
format	article
author	Mathieu d'Acremont Eleonora Fornari Peter Bossaerts
author_facet	Mathieu d'Acremont Eleonora Fornari Peter Bossaerts
author_sort	Mathieu d'Acremont
title	Activity in inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortex signals the accumulation of evidence in a probability learning task.
title_short	Activity in inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortex signals the accumulation of evidence in a probability learning task.
title_full	Activity in inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortex signals the accumulation of evidence in a probability learning task.
title_fullStr	Activity in inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortex signals the accumulation of evidence in a probability learning task.
title_full_unstemmed	Activity in inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortex signals the accumulation of evidence in a probability learning task.
title_sort	activity in inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortex signals the accumulation of evidence in a probability learning task.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/59ba5c099a8846f9bbe381107b81c04f
work_keys_str_mv	AT mathieudacremont activityininferiorparietalandmedialprefrontalcortexsignalstheaccumulationofevidenceinaprobabilitylearningtask AT eleonorafornari activityininferiorparietalandmedialprefrontalcortexsignalstheaccumulationofevidenceinaprobabilitylearningtask AT peterbossaerts activityininferiorparietalandmedialprefrontalcortexsignalstheaccumulationofevidenceinaprobabilitylearningtask
_version_	1718424726010855424

Activity in inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortex signals the accumulation of evidence in a probability learning task.

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