Chronic Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia Is Not Associated With Herpes Virus Infection Status
Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is characterized by non-chronic (transient, <12 months) and chronic (≥12 months) decline in the number of platelets. Herpes virus infections have been shown, in many studies, to be associated with the development of ITP. However, it remains unclear wh...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:59bf7a5e57a7474d9c4cef16e34eb0b42021-12-03T08:52:58ZChronic Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia Is Not Associated With Herpes Virus Infection Status2296-236010.3389/fped.2021.641535https://doaj.org/article/59bf7a5e57a7474d9c4cef16e34eb0b42021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.641535/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-2360Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is characterized by non-chronic (transient, <12 months) and chronic (≥12 months) decline in the number of platelets. Herpes virus infections have been shown, in many studies, to be associated with the development of ITP. However, it remains unclear whether the herpes virus infection status is associated with the chronic ITP.Methods: We reviewed 480 primary pediatric patients with ITP in the period from January 2017 to December 2019. The prevalence of herpes virus antibodies including the Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), and Epstein Barr virus were recorded. The levels of serum complement C3 and C4, T (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+), B (CD19+) lymphocytes, and natural killer (CD16+ 56+) cells were also analyzed. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the associations between chronic ITP and herpes virus infection status.Results: Compared with non-chronic, patients with chronic ITP had older age (≥3 years), lower levels of hemoglobin and complement C3, and lower probability of CMV and HSV-2 infections (IgM positive; p < 0.05). Patients with herpes virus infection had lower serum platelet counts (p < 0.001), lower complement C3 levels and lower CD4+/CD8+ cells ratio (p < 0.05). Furthermore, platelet counts were positively correlated with CD4+/CD8+ cells ratios (r = 0.519; p = 0.0078), and negatively correlated with T cells (CD3+: r = −0.458, p = 0.0213; CD8+: r = −0.489, p = 0.0131). Multivariate analysis showed that age (OR, 1.644; 95%CI, 1.007–2.684; p = 0.047) was an adverse risk factor for chronic ITP and CMV IgM positive (OR, 0.241; 95%CI, 0.072–0.814; p = 0.022) had lower risk of chronic ITP development, while other herpes virus infection statuses and clinical features were not.Conclusion: Although herpes virus infections were associated with the onset of ITP, our findings indicated that herpes virus infection status might not be a risk factor for chronic ITP.Tao LiTao LiGui-ling YanGui-ling YanZhu LuoZhu LuoQi XieQi XieMei-mei LaiZhan-Guo ChenXiao-Qun ZhengXiao-Qun ZhengFrontiers Media S.A.articlechronicchildrenherpes virus infections statusprognosisITPPediatricsRJ1-570ENFrontiers in Pediatrics, Vol 9 (2021) |
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| topic |
chronic children herpes virus infections status prognosis ITP Pediatrics RJ1-570 |
| spellingShingle |
chronic children herpes virus infections status prognosis ITP Pediatrics RJ1-570 Tao Li Tao Li Gui-ling Yan Gui-ling Yan Zhu Luo Zhu Luo Qi Xie Qi Xie Mei-mei Lai Zhan-Guo Chen Xiao-Qun Zheng Xiao-Qun Zheng Chronic Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia Is Not Associated With Herpes Virus Infection Status |
| description |
Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is characterized by non-chronic (transient, <12 months) and chronic (≥12 months) decline in the number of platelets. Herpes virus infections have been shown, in many studies, to be associated with the development of ITP. However, it remains unclear whether the herpes virus infection status is associated with the chronic ITP.Methods: We reviewed 480 primary pediatric patients with ITP in the period from January 2017 to December 2019. The prevalence of herpes virus antibodies including the Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), and Epstein Barr virus were recorded. The levels of serum complement C3 and C4, T (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+), B (CD19+) lymphocytes, and natural killer (CD16+ 56+) cells were also analyzed. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the associations between chronic ITP and herpes virus infection status.Results: Compared with non-chronic, patients with chronic ITP had older age (≥3 years), lower levels of hemoglobin and complement C3, and lower probability of CMV and HSV-2 infections (IgM positive; p < 0.05). Patients with herpes virus infection had lower serum platelet counts (p < 0.001), lower complement C3 levels and lower CD4+/CD8+ cells ratio (p < 0.05). Furthermore, platelet counts were positively correlated with CD4+/CD8+ cells ratios (r = 0.519; p = 0.0078), and negatively correlated with T cells (CD3+: r = −0.458, p = 0.0213; CD8+: r = −0.489, p = 0.0131). Multivariate analysis showed that age (OR, 1.644; 95%CI, 1.007–2.684; p = 0.047) was an adverse risk factor for chronic ITP and CMV IgM positive (OR, 0.241; 95%CI, 0.072–0.814; p = 0.022) had lower risk of chronic ITP development, while other herpes virus infection statuses and clinical features were not.Conclusion: Although herpes virus infections were associated with the onset of ITP, our findings indicated that herpes virus infection status might not be a risk factor for chronic ITP. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Tao Li Tao Li Gui-ling Yan Gui-ling Yan Zhu Luo Zhu Luo Qi Xie Qi Xie Mei-mei Lai Zhan-Guo Chen Xiao-Qun Zheng Xiao-Qun Zheng |
| author_facet |
Tao Li Tao Li Gui-ling Yan Gui-ling Yan Zhu Luo Zhu Luo Qi Xie Qi Xie Mei-mei Lai Zhan-Guo Chen Xiao-Qun Zheng Xiao-Qun Zheng |
| author_sort |
Tao Li |
| title |
Chronic Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia Is Not Associated With Herpes Virus Infection Status |
| title_short |
Chronic Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia Is Not Associated With Herpes Virus Infection Status |
| title_full |
Chronic Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia Is Not Associated With Herpes Virus Infection Status |
| title_fullStr |
Chronic Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia Is Not Associated With Herpes Virus Infection Status |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Chronic Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia Is Not Associated With Herpes Virus Infection Status |
| title_sort |
chronic pediatric immune thrombocytopenia is not associated with herpes virus infection status |
| publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/59bf7a5e57a7474d9c4cef16e34eb0b4 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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