Contribution of NKT cells to the immune response and pathogenesis triggered by respiratory viruses

Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) cause acute respiratory tract infections in children worldwide. Natural killer T (NKT) cells are unconventional T lymphocytes, and their TCRs recognize glycolipids bound to the MHC-I-like molecule, CD1d. These cells modulate t...

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Autores principales:	Emma Rey-Jurado, Karen Bohmwald, Nicolás M.S. Gálvez, Daniela Becerra, Steven A. Porcelli, Leandro J. Carreño, Alexis M. Kalergis
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2020
Materias:	human respiratory syncytial virus human metapneumovirus pulmonary inflammation viral infection natural killer t cells Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/59c574c9a2d5419cafa11db90d74d562
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:59c574c9a2d5419cafa11db90d74d5622021-11-17T14:21:58ZContribution of NKT cells to the immune response and pathogenesis triggered by respiratory viruses2150-55942150-560810.1080/21505594.2020.1770492https://doaj.org/article/59c574c9a2d5419cafa11db90d74d5622020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2020.1770492https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5594https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5608Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) cause acute respiratory tract infections in children worldwide. Natural killer T (NKT) cells are unconventional T lymphocytes, and their TCRs recognize glycolipids bound to the MHC-I-like molecule, CD1d. These cells modulate the inflammatory response in viral infections. Here, we evaluated the contribution of NKT cells in both hRSV and hMPV infections. A significant decrease in the number of neutrophils, eosinophils, and CD103+DCs infiltrating to the lungs, as well as an increased production of IFN-γ, were observed upon hRSV-infection in CD1d-deficient BALB/c mice, as compared to wild-type control mice. However, this effect was not observed in the CD1d-deficient BALB/c group, upon infection with hMPV. Importantly, reduced expression of CD1d in CD11b+ DCs and epithelial cells was found in hRSV -but not hMPV-infected mice. Besides, a reduction in the expression of CD1d in alveolar macrophages of lungs from hRSV- and hMPV-infected mice was found. Such reduction of CD1d expression interfered with NKT cells activation, and consequently IL-2 secretion, as characterized by in vitro experiments for both hRSV and hMPV infections. Furthermore, increased numbers of NKT cells recruited to the lungs in response to hRSV- but not hMPV-infection was detected, resulting in a reduction in the expression of IFN-γ and IL-2 by these cells. In conclusion, both hRSV and hMPV might be differently impairing NKT cells function and contributing to the immune response triggered by these viruses.Emma Rey-JuradoKaren BohmwaldNicolás M.S. GálvezDaniela BecerraSteven A. PorcelliLeandro J. CarreñoAlexis M. KalergisTaylor & Francis Grouparticlehuman respiratory syncytial virushuman metapneumoviruspulmonary inflammationviral infectionnatural killer t cellsInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENVirulence, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 580-593 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	human respiratory syncytial virus human metapneumovirus pulmonary inflammation viral infection natural killer t cells Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	human respiratory syncytial virus human metapneumovirus pulmonary inflammation viral infection natural killer t cells Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Emma Rey-Jurado Karen Bohmwald Nicolás M.S. Gálvez Daniela Becerra Steven A. Porcelli Leandro J. Carreño Alexis M. Kalergis Contribution of NKT cells to the immune response and pathogenesis triggered by respiratory viruses
description	Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) cause acute respiratory tract infections in children worldwide. Natural killer T (NKT) cells are unconventional T lymphocytes, and their TCRs recognize glycolipids bound to the MHC-I-like molecule, CD1d. These cells modulate the inflammatory response in viral infections. Here, we evaluated the contribution of NKT cells in both hRSV and hMPV infections. A significant decrease in the number of neutrophils, eosinophils, and CD103+DCs infiltrating to the lungs, as well as an increased production of IFN-γ, were observed upon hRSV-infection in CD1d-deficient BALB/c mice, as compared to wild-type control mice. However, this effect was not observed in the CD1d-deficient BALB/c group, upon infection with hMPV. Importantly, reduced expression of CD1d in CD11b+ DCs and epithelial cells was found in hRSV -but not hMPV-infected mice. Besides, a reduction in the expression of CD1d in alveolar macrophages of lungs from hRSV- and hMPV-infected mice was found. Such reduction of CD1d expression interfered with NKT cells activation, and consequently IL-2 secretion, as characterized by in vitro experiments for both hRSV and hMPV infections. Furthermore, increased numbers of NKT cells recruited to the lungs in response to hRSV- but not hMPV-infection was detected, resulting in a reduction in the expression of IFN-γ and IL-2 by these cells. In conclusion, both hRSV and hMPV might be differently impairing NKT cells function and contributing to the immune response triggered by these viruses.
format	article
author	Emma Rey-Jurado Karen Bohmwald Nicolás M.S. Gálvez Daniela Becerra Steven A. Porcelli Leandro J. Carreño Alexis M. Kalergis
author_facet	Emma Rey-Jurado Karen Bohmwald Nicolás M.S. Gálvez Daniela Becerra Steven A. Porcelli Leandro J. Carreño Alexis M. Kalergis
author_sort	Emma Rey-Jurado
title	Contribution of NKT cells to the immune response and pathogenesis triggered by respiratory viruses
title_short	Contribution of NKT cells to the immune response and pathogenesis triggered by respiratory viruses
title_full	Contribution of NKT cells to the immune response and pathogenesis triggered by respiratory viruses
title_fullStr	Contribution of NKT cells to the immune response and pathogenesis triggered by respiratory viruses
title_full_unstemmed	Contribution of NKT cells to the immune response and pathogenesis triggered by respiratory viruses
title_sort	contribution of nkt cells to the immune response and pathogenesis triggered by respiratory viruses
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/59c574c9a2d5419cafa11db90d74d562
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Contribution of NKT cells to the immune response and pathogenesis triggered by respiratory viruses

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