Levodopa-Loaded 3D-Printed Poly (Lactic) Acid/Chitosan Neural Tissue Scaffold as a Promising Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s disease, the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, develops due to decreased dopamine levels in the basal ganglia. Levodopa, a dopamine precursor used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, can be used as a drug delivery system. This study presents an approach to t...

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Autores principales:	Ezgi Saylam, Yigit Akkaya, Elif Ilhan, Sumeyye Cesur, Ece Guler, Ali Sahin, Muhammmet Emin Cam, Nazmi Ekren, Faik Nuzhet Oktar, Oguzhan Gunduz, Denisa Ficai, Anton Ficai
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	levodopa Parkinson’s disease 3D-printed scaffold biomaterials tissue engineering drug delivery Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5a32de00877d4bf1bcf76f834ab8d9b3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5a32de00877d4bf1bcf76f834ab8d9b32021-11-25T16:36:46ZLevodopa-Loaded 3D-Printed Poly (Lactic) Acid/Chitosan Neural Tissue Scaffold as a Promising Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease10.3390/app1122107272076-3417https://doaj.org/article/5a32de00877d4bf1bcf76f834ab8d9b32021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/22/10727https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417Parkinson’s disease, the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, develops due to decreased dopamine levels in the basal ganglia. Levodopa, a dopamine precursor used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, can be used as a drug delivery system. This study presents an approach to the use of 3D-printed levodopa-loaded neural tissue scaffolds produced with polylactic acid (PLA) and chitosan (CS) for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Surface morphology and pore sizes were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Average pore sizes of 100–200 µm were found to be ideal for tissue engineering scaffolds, allowing cell penetration but not drastically altering the mechanical properties. It was observed that the swelling and weight loss behaviors of the scaffolds increased after the addition of CS to the PLA. Levodopa was released from the 3D-printed scaffolds in a controlled manner for 14 days, according to a Fickian diffusion mechanism. Mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) derived from human adipose tissue were used in MTT analysis, fluorescence microscopy and SEM studies and confirmed adequate biocompatibility. Overall, the obtained results show that PLA/CS 3D-printed scaffolds have an alternative use for the levodopa delivery system for Parkinson’s disease in neural tissue engineering applications.Ezgi SaylamYigit AkkayaElif IlhanSumeyye CesurEce GulerAli SahinMuhammmet Emin CamNazmi EkrenFaik Nuzhet OktarOguzhan GunduzDenisa FicaiAnton FicaiMDPI AGarticlelevodopaParkinson’s disease3D-printed scaffoldbiomaterialstissue engineeringdrug deliveryTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10727, p 10727 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	levodopa Parkinson’s disease 3D-printed scaffold biomaterials tissue engineering drug delivery Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	levodopa Parkinson’s disease 3D-printed scaffold biomaterials tissue engineering drug delivery Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Ezgi Saylam Yigit Akkaya Elif Ilhan Sumeyye Cesur Ece Guler Ali Sahin Muhammmet Emin Cam Nazmi Ekren Faik Nuzhet Oktar Oguzhan Gunduz Denisa Ficai Anton Ficai Levodopa-Loaded 3D-Printed Poly (Lactic) Acid/Chitosan Neural Tissue Scaffold as a Promising Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
description	Parkinson’s disease, the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, develops due to decreased dopamine levels in the basal ganglia. Levodopa, a dopamine precursor used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, can be used as a drug delivery system. This study presents an approach to the use of 3D-printed levodopa-loaded neural tissue scaffolds produced with polylactic acid (PLA) and chitosan (CS) for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Surface morphology and pore sizes were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Average pore sizes of 100–200 µm were found to be ideal for tissue engineering scaffolds, allowing cell penetration but not drastically altering the mechanical properties. It was observed that the swelling and weight loss behaviors of the scaffolds increased after the addition of CS to the PLA. Levodopa was released from the 3D-printed scaffolds in a controlled manner for 14 days, according to a Fickian diffusion mechanism. Mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) derived from human adipose tissue were used in MTT analysis, fluorescence microscopy and SEM studies and confirmed adequate biocompatibility. Overall, the obtained results show that PLA/CS 3D-printed scaffolds have an alternative use for the levodopa delivery system for Parkinson’s disease in neural tissue engineering applications.
format	article
author	Ezgi Saylam Yigit Akkaya Elif Ilhan Sumeyye Cesur Ece Guler Ali Sahin Muhammmet Emin Cam Nazmi Ekren Faik Nuzhet Oktar Oguzhan Gunduz Denisa Ficai Anton Ficai
author_facet	Ezgi Saylam Yigit Akkaya Elif Ilhan Sumeyye Cesur Ece Guler Ali Sahin Muhammmet Emin Cam Nazmi Ekren Faik Nuzhet Oktar Oguzhan Gunduz Denisa Ficai Anton Ficai
author_sort	Ezgi Saylam
title	Levodopa-Loaded 3D-Printed Poly (Lactic) Acid/Chitosan Neural Tissue Scaffold as a Promising Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
title_short	Levodopa-Loaded 3D-Printed Poly (Lactic) Acid/Chitosan Neural Tissue Scaffold as a Promising Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
title_full	Levodopa-Loaded 3D-Printed Poly (Lactic) Acid/Chitosan Neural Tissue Scaffold as a Promising Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
title_fullStr	Levodopa-Loaded 3D-Printed Poly (Lactic) Acid/Chitosan Neural Tissue Scaffold as a Promising Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
title_full_unstemmed	Levodopa-Loaded 3D-Printed Poly (Lactic) Acid/Chitosan Neural Tissue Scaffold as a Promising Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
title_sort	levodopa-loaded 3d-printed poly (lactic) acid/chitosan neural tissue scaffold as a promising drug delivery system for the treatment of parkinson’s disease
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5a32de00877d4bf1bcf76f834ab8d9b3
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Levodopa-Loaded 3D-Printed Poly (Lactic) Acid/Chitosan Neural Tissue Scaffold as a Promising Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease

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