Metabolic and enzymatic elucidation of cooperative degradation of red seaweed agarose by two human gut bacteria

Abstract Various health beneficial outcomes associated with red seaweeds, especially their polysaccharides, have been claimed, but the molecular pathway of how red seaweed polysaccharides are degraded and utilized by cooperative actions of human gut bacteria has not been elucidated. Here, we investi...

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Autores principales:	Eun Ju Yun, Sora Yu, Na Jung Park, Yoonho Cho, Na Ree Han, Yong-Su Jin, Kyoung Heon Kim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5a3ab9a9f3b2465d9ee756a8304d56b8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5a3ab9a9f3b2465d9ee756a8304d56b82021-12-02T15:23:17ZMetabolic and enzymatic elucidation of cooperative degradation of red seaweed agarose by two human gut bacteria10.1038/s41598-021-92872-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/5a3ab9a9f3b2465d9ee756a8304d56b82021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92872-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Various health beneficial outcomes associated with red seaweeds, especially their polysaccharides, have been claimed, but the molecular pathway of how red seaweed polysaccharides are degraded and utilized by cooperative actions of human gut bacteria has not been elucidated. Here, we investigated the enzymatic and metabolic cooperation between two human gut symbionts, Bacteroides plebeius and Bifidobacterium longum ssp. infantis, with regard to the degradation of agarose, the main carbohydrate of red seaweed. More specifically, B. plebeius initially decomposed agarose into agarotriose by the actions of the enzymes belonging to glycoside hydrolase (GH) families 16 and 117 (i.e., BpGH16A and BpGH117) located in the polysaccharide utilization locus, a specific gene cluster for red seaweed carbohydrates. Then, B. infantis extracted energy from agarotriose by the actions of two agarolytic β-galactosidases (i.e., Bga42A and Bga2A) and produced neoagarobiose. B. plebeius ultimately acted on neoagarobiose by BpGH117, resulting in the production of 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose, a monomeric sugar possessing anti-inflammatory activity. Our discovery of the cooperative actions of the two human gut symbionts on agarose degradation and the identification of the related enzyme genes and metabolic intermediates generated during the metabolic processes provide a molecular basis for agarose degradation by gut bacteria.Eun Ju YunSora YuNa Jung ParkYoonho ChoNa Ree HanYong-Su JinKyoung Heon KimNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Eun Ju Yun Sora Yu Na Jung Park Yoonho Cho Na Ree Han Yong-Su Jin Kyoung Heon Kim Metabolic and enzymatic elucidation of cooperative degradation of red seaweed agarose by two human gut bacteria
description	Abstract Various health beneficial outcomes associated with red seaweeds, especially their polysaccharides, have been claimed, but the molecular pathway of how red seaweed polysaccharides are degraded and utilized by cooperative actions of human gut bacteria has not been elucidated. Here, we investigated the enzymatic and metabolic cooperation between two human gut symbionts, Bacteroides plebeius and Bifidobacterium longum ssp. infantis, with regard to the degradation of agarose, the main carbohydrate of red seaweed. More specifically, B. plebeius initially decomposed agarose into agarotriose by the actions of the enzymes belonging to glycoside hydrolase (GH) families 16 and 117 (i.e., BpGH16A and BpGH117) located in the polysaccharide utilization locus, a specific gene cluster for red seaweed carbohydrates. Then, B. infantis extracted energy from agarotriose by the actions of two agarolytic β-galactosidases (i.e., Bga42A and Bga2A) and produced neoagarobiose. B. plebeius ultimately acted on neoagarobiose by BpGH117, resulting in the production of 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose, a monomeric sugar possessing anti-inflammatory activity. Our discovery of the cooperative actions of the two human gut symbionts on agarose degradation and the identification of the related enzyme genes and metabolic intermediates generated during the metabolic processes provide a molecular basis for agarose degradation by gut bacteria.
format	article
author	Eun Ju Yun Sora Yu Na Jung Park Yoonho Cho Na Ree Han Yong-Su Jin Kyoung Heon Kim
author_facet	Eun Ju Yun Sora Yu Na Jung Park Yoonho Cho Na Ree Han Yong-Su Jin Kyoung Heon Kim
author_sort	Eun Ju Yun
title	Metabolic and enzymatic elucidation of cooperative degradation of red seaweed agarose by two human gut bacteria
title_short	Metabolic and enzymatic elucidation of cooperative degradation of red seaweed agarose by two human gut bacteria
title_full	Metabolic and enzymatic elucidation of cooperative degradation of red seaweed agarose by two human gut bacteria
title_fullStr	Metabolic and enzymatic elucidation of cooperative degradation of red seaweed agarose by two human gut bacteria
title_full_unstemmed	Metabolic and enzymatic elucidation of cooperative degradation of red seaweed agarose by two human gut bacteria
title_sort	metabolic and enzymatic elucidation of cooperative degradation of red seaweed agarose by two human gut bacteria
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5a3ab9a9f3b2465d9ee756a8304d56b8
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Metabolic and enzymatic elucidation of cooperative degradation of red seaweed agarose by two human gut bacteria

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