18S rDNA sequences from microeukaryotes reveal oil indicators in mangrove sediment.

<h4>Background</h4>Microeukaryotes are an effective indicator of the presence of environmental contaminants. However, the characterisation of these organisms by conventional tools is often inefficient, and recent molecular studies have revealed a great diversity of microeukaryotes. The f...

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Autores principales:	Henrique F Santos, Juliano C Cury, Flavia L Carmo, Alexandre S Rosado, Raquel S Peixoto
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5a61941e78b14c27a69d060e7e20835c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5a61941e78b14c27a69d060e7e20835c2021-11-18T06:35:40Z18S rDNA sequences from microeukaryotes reveal oil indicators in mangrove sediment.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0012437https://doaj.org/article/5a61941e78b14c27a69d060e7e20835c2010-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20865054/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Microeukaryotes are an effective indicator of the presence of environmental contaminants. However, the characterisation of these organisms by conventional tools is often inefficient, and recent molecular studies have revealed a great diversity of microeukaryotes. The full extent of this diversity is unknown, and therefore, the distribution, ecological role and responses to anthropogenic effects of microeukaryotes are rather obscure. The majority of oil from oceanic oil spills (e.g., the May 2010 accident in the Gulf of Mexico) converges on coastal ecosystems such as mangroves, which are threatened with worldwide disappearance, highlighting the need for efficient tools to indicate the presence of oil in these environments. However, no studies have used molecular methods to assess the effects of oil contamination in mangrove sediment on microeukaryotes as a group.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We evaluated the population dynamics and the prevailing 18S rDNA phylotypes of microeukaryotes in mangrove sediment microcosms with and without oil contamination, using PCR/DGGE and clone libraries. We found that microeukaryotes are useful for monitoring oil contamination in mangroves. Our clone library analysis revealed a decrease in both diversity and species richness after contamination. The phylogenetic group that showed the greatest sensitivity to oil was the Nematoda. After contamination, a large increase in the abundance of the groups Bacillariophyta (diatoms) and Biosoecida was detected. The oil-contaminated samples were almost entirely dominated by organisms related to Bacillariophyta sp. and Cafeteria minima, which indicates that these groups are possible targets for biomonitoring oil in mangroves. The DGGE fingerprints also indicated shifts in microeukaryote profiles; specific band sequencing indicated the appearance of Bacillariophyta sp. only in contaminated samples and Nematoda only in non-contaminated sediment.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>We believe that the microeukaryotic targets indicated by our work will be of great applicability in biomonitoring hydrocarbons in mangroves under oil contamination risk or during recovery strategies.Henrique F SantosJuliano C CuryFlavia L CarmoAlexandre S RosadoRaquel S PeixotoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 8, p e12437 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Henrique F Santos Juliano C Cury Flavia L Carmo Alexandre S Rosado Raquel S Peixoto 18S rDNA sequences from microeukaryotes reveal oil indicators in mangrove sediment.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Microeukaryotes are an effective indicator of the presence of environmental contaminants. However, the characterisation of these organisms by conventional tools is often inefficient, and recent molecular studies have revealed a great diversity of microeukaryotes. The full extent of this diversity is unknown, and therefore, the distribution, ecological role and responses to anthropogenic effects of microeukaryotes are rather obscure. The majority of oil from oceanic oil spills (e.g., the May 2010 accident in the Gulf of Mexico) converges on coastal ecosystems such as mangroves, which are threatened with worldwide disappearance, highlighting the need for efficient tools to indicate the presence of oil in these environments. However, no studies have used molecular methods to assess the effects of oil contamination in mangrove sediment on microeukaryotes as a group.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We evaluated the population dynamics and the prevailing 18S rDNA phylotypes of microeukaryotes in mangrove sediment microcosms with and without oil contamination, using PCR/DGGE and clone libraries. We found that microeukaryotes are useful for monitoring oil contamination in mangroves. Our clone library analysis revealed a decrease in both diversity and species richness after contamination. The phylogenetic group that showed the greatest sensitivity to oil was the Nematoda. After contamination, a large increase in the abundance of the groups Bacillariophyta (diatoms) and Biosoecida was detected. The oil-contaminated samples were almost entirely dominated by organisms related to Bacillariophyta sp. and Cafeteria minima, which indicates that these groups are possible targets for biomonitoring oil in mangroves. The DGGE fingerprints also indicated shifts in microeukaryote profiles; specific band sequencing indicated the appearance of Bacillariophyta sp. only in contaminated samples and Nematoda only in non-contaminated sediment.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>We believe that the microeukaryotic targets indicated by our work will be of great applicability in biomonitoring hydrocarbons in mangroves under oil contamination risk or during recovery strategies.
format	article
author	Henrique F Santos Juliano C Cury Flavia L Carmo Alexandre S Rosado Raquel S Peixoto
author_facet	Henrique F Santos Juliano C Cury Flavia L Carmo Alexandre S Rosado Raquel S Peixoto
author_sort	Henrique F Santos
title	18S rDNA sequences from microeukaryotes reveal oil indicators in mangrove sediment.
title_short	18S rDNA sequences from microeukaryotes reveal oil indicators in mangrove sediment.
title_full	18S rDNA sequences from microeukaryotes reveal oil indicators in mangrove sediment.
title_fullStr	18S rDNA sequences from microeukaryotes reveal oil indicators in mangrove sediment.
title_full_unstemmed	18S rDNA sequences from microeukaryotes reveal oil indicators in mangrove sediment.
title_sort	18s rdna sequences from microeukaryotes reveal oil indicators in mangrove sediment.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/5a61941e78b14c27a69d060e7e20835c
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18S rDNA sequences from microeukaryotes reveal oil indicators in mangrove sediment.

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