Direct and Indirect Costs of Infectious Conjunctivitis in a Commercially Insured Population in the United States

Jay S Pepose,1,2 Sujata P Sarda,3 Wendy Y Cheng,4 Nora McCormick,4 Hoi Ching Cheung,4 Priyanka Bobbili,4 Corey Joseph,3 Mei Sheng Duh4 1Pepose Vision Institute, Chesterfield, MO, USA; 2Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; 3Shi...

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Autores principales:	Pepose JS, Sarda SP, Cheng WY, McCormick N, Cheung HC, Bobbili P, Joseph C, Duh MS
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:	infectious conjunctivitis costs charges health care resource utilization vector transmission Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5a69fdd321bf43acbb83db45e0977321
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5a69fdd321bf43acbb83db45e09773212021-12-02T04:53:57ZDirect and Indirect Costs of Infectious Conjunctivitis in a Commercially Insured Population in the United States1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/5a69fdd321bf43acbb83db45e09773212020-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/direct-and-indirect-costs-of-infectious-conjunctivitis-in-a-commercial-peer-reviewed-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Jay S Pepose,1,2 Sujata P Sarda,3 Wendy Y Cheng,4 Nora McCormick,4 Hoi Ching Cheung,4 Priyanka Bobbili,4 Corey Joseph,3 Mei Sheng Duh4 1Pepose Vision Institute, Chesterfield, MO, USA; 2Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; 3Shire, A Takeda Company, Lexington, MA, USA; 4Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA, USACorrespondence: Sujata P SardaTakeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 55 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA 02421, USATel +1 781 266-3440Email sujata.sarda@takeda.comPurpose: To assess the direct and indirect costs of infectious conjunctivitis and quantify medical costs due to conjunctivitis transmission in families.Methods: In this retrospective claims analysis from the OptumHealth Care Solutions, Inc. database (1998– 2016), beneficiaries with or without at least one diagnosis of infectious conjunctivitis were identified. Direct and indirect costs (in 2016 US$) during the 60 days post conjunctivitis diagnosis (or imputed date for controls) were compared using cost differences in linear regressions. For transmission cost analysis, the total cost of each conjunctivitis episode was the sum of the primary episode (seed patient) and the secondary episode (infected family members) costs. A generalized estimating equation model adjusted for seed patient characteristics was used to assess the impact of number and rate of transmissions on episode cost.Results: Health care resource utilization and direct costs were significantly higher for patients with conjunctivitis (n=1,002,188) versus controls (n=4,877,210): 1.67 all-cause visits per person per month (PPPM) versus 0.79 visits PPPM, respectively; total mean direct cost of $396.04 PPPM versus $289.63 PPPM, respectively. The cost of medically related absenteeism was $105.42 (95% confidence interval [CI], $104.18–$106.75) higher for patients with conjunctivitis than for controls. Episode cost, without transmission due to seed patient, was $669.43 (95% CI, $654.67–$684.85); it increased with each additional infected family member and with increased infection transmission time between family members.Conclusion: Conjunctivitis was associated with a notable economic burden in terms of direct medical costs and medically related absenteeism. Family health care costs increased with transmission time and with each family member infected with conjunctivitis.Keywords: infectious conjunctivitis, costs, charges, health care resource utilization, vector transmissionPepose JSSarda SPCheng WYMcCormick NCheung HCBobbili PJoseph CDuh MSDove Medical Pressarticleinfectious conjunctivitiscostschargeshealth care resource utilizationvector transmissionOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol Volume 14, Pp 377-387 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	infectious conjunctivitis costs charges health care resource utilization vector transmission Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	infectious conjunctivitis costs charges health care resource utilization vector transmission Ophthalmology RE1-994 Pepose JS Sarda SP Cheng WY McCormick N Cheung HC Bobbili P Joseph C Duh MS Direct and Indirect Costs of Infectious Conjunctivitis in a Commercially Insured Population in the United States
description	Jay S Pepose,1,2 Sujata P Sarda,3 Wendy Y Cheng,4 Nora McCormick,4 Hoi Ching Cheung,4 Priyanka Bobbili,4 Corey Joseph,3 Mei Sheng Duh4 1Pepose Vision Institute, Chesterfield, MO, USA; 2Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; 3Shire, A Takeda Company, Lexington, MA, USA; 4Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA, USACorrespondence: Sujata P SardaTakeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 55 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA 02421, USATel +1 781 266-3440Email sujata.sarda@takeda.comPurpose: To assess the direct and indirect costs of infectious conjunctivitis and quantify medical costs due to conjunctivitis transmission in families.Methods: In this retrospective claims analysis from the OptumHealth Care Solutions, Inc. database (1998– 2016), beneficiaries with or without at least one diagnosis of infectious conjunctivitis were identified. Direct and indirect costs (in 2016 US$) during the 60 days post conjunctivitis diagnosis (or imputed date for controls) were compared using cost differences in linear regressions. For transmission cost analysis, the total cost of each conjunctivitis episode was the sum of the primary episode (seed patient) and the secondary episode (infected family members) costs. A generalized estimating equation model adjusted for seed patient characteristics was used to assess the impact of number and rate of transmissions on episode cost.Results: Health care resource utilization and direct costs were significantly higher for patients with conjunctivitis (n=1,002,188) versus controls (n=4,877,210): 1.67 all-cause visits per person per month (PPPM) versus 0.79 visits PPPM, respectively; total mean direct cost of $396.04 PPPM versus $289.63 PPPM, respectively. The cost of medically related absenteeism was $105.42 (95% confidence interval [CI], $104.18–$106.75) higher for patients with conjunctivitis than for controls. Episode cost, without transmission due to seed patient, was $669.43 (95% CI, $654.67–$684.85); it increased with each additional infected family member and with increased infection transmission time between family members.Conclusion: Conjunctivitis was associated with a notable economic burden in terms of direct medical costs and medically related absenteeism. Family health care costs increased with transmission time and with each family member infected with conjunctivitis.Keywords: infectious conjunctivitis, costs, charges, health care resource utilization, vector transmission
format	article
author	Pepose JS Sarda SP Cheng WY McCormick N Cheung HC Bobbili P Joseph C Duh MS
author_facet	Pepose JS Sarda SP Cheng WY McCormick N Cheung HC Bobbili P Joseph C Duh MS
author_sort	Pepose JS
title	Direct and Indirect Costs of Infectious Conjunctivitis in a Commercially Insured Population in the United States
title_short	Direct and Indirect Costs of Infectious Conjunctivitis in a Commercially Insured Population in the United States
title_full	Direct and Indirect Costs of Infectious Conjunctivitis in a Commercially Insured Population in the United States
title_fullStr	Direct and Indirect Costs of Infectious Conjunctivitis in a Commercially Insured Population in the United States
title_full_unstemmed	Direct and Indirect Costs of Infectious Conjunctivitis in a Commercially Insured Population in the United States
title_sort	direct and indirect costs of infectious conjunctivitis in a commercially insured population in the united states
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/5a69fdd321bf43acbb83db45e0977321
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Direct and Indirect Costs of Infectious Conjunctivitis in a Commercially Insured Population in the United States

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