Eco–Friendly Peelable Active Nanocomposite Films Designed for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents Decontamination

In the context of imminent threats concerning biological and chemical warfare agents, the aim of this study was the development of a new method for biological and chemical decontamination, employing non-toxic, film-forming, water-based biodegradable solutions, using a nano sized reagent together wit...

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Autores principales:	Gabriela Toader, Aurel Diacon, Traian Rotariu, Mioara Alexandru, Edina Rusen, Raluca Elena Ginghină, Florentina Alexe, Ramona Oncioiu, Florina Lucica Zorila, Alice Podaru, Andreea Elena Moldovan, Daniela Pulpea, Ana Mihaela Gavrilă, Tanta Verona Iordache, Raluca Șomoghi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	eco-friendly nanoparticles chemical warfare agents sulfur mustard (<b>HD</b>) dimethyl methylphosphonate (<b>DMMP</b>) biological agents Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5a77a8d02655495b97e4cd3f46914fc5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5a77a8d02655495b97e4cd3f46914fc52021-11-25T18:49:15ZEco–Friendly Peelable Active Nanocomposite Films Designed for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents Decontamination10.3390/polym132239992073-4360https://doaj.org/article/5a77a8d02655495b97e4cd3f46914fc52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/3999https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360In the context of imminent threats concerning biological and chemical warfare agents, the aim of this study was the development of a new method for biological and chemical decontamination, employing non-toxic, film-forming, water-based biodegradable solutions, using a nano sized reagent together with bentonite as trapping agents for the biological and chemical contaminants. Bentonite-supported nanoparticles of Cu, TiO<sub>2</sub>, and Ag were successfully synthesized and dispersed in a polyvinyl alcohol (<b>PVA</b>)/glycerol (<b>GLY</b>) aqueous solution. The decontamination effectiveness of the proposed solutions was evaluated by qualitative and quantitative analytical techniques on various micro-organisms, with sulfur mustard (<b>HD</b>) and dimethyl methylphosphonate (<b>DMMP</b>) as contaminants. The results indicate that the peelable active nanocomposite films can be successfully used on contaminated surfaces to neutralize and entrap the hazardous materials and their degradation products. Mechanical and thermal characterization of the polymeric films was also performed to validate the decontamination solution’s potential as peelable-film generating materials. The removal efficacy from the contaminated surfaces for the tested micro-organisms varied between 93% and 97%, while for the chemical agent <b>HD</b>, the highest decontamination factor obtained was 90.89%. <b>DMMP</b> was almost completely removed from the contaminated surfaces, and a decontamination factor of 99.97% was obtained.Gabriela ToaderAurel DiaconTraian RotariuMioara AlexandruEdina RusenRaluca Elena GinghinăFlorentina AlexeRamona OncioiuFlorina Lucica ZorilaAlice PodaruAndreea Elena MoldovanDaniela PulpeaAna Mihaela GavrilăTanta Verona IordacheRaluca ȘomoghiMDPI AGarticleeco-friendlynanoparticleschemical warfare agentssulfur mustard (<b>HD</b>)dimethyl methylphosphonate (<b>DMMP</b>)biological agentsOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3999, p 3999 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	eco-friendly nanoparticles chemical warfare agents sulfur mustard (<b>HD</b>) dimethyl methylphosphonate (<b>DMMP</b>) biological agents Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	eco-friendly nanoparticles chemical warfare agents sulfur mustard (<b>HD</b>) dimethyl methylphosphonate (<b>DMMP</b>) biological agents Organic chemistry QD241-441 Gabriela Toader Aurel Diacon Traian Rotariu Mioara Alexandru Edina Rusen Raluca Elena Ginghină Florentina Alexe Ramona Oncioiu Florina Lucica Zorila Alice Podaru Andreea Elena Moldovan Daniela Pulpea Ana Mihaela Gavrilă Tanta Verona Iordache Raluca Șomoghi Eco–Friendly Peelable Active Nanocomposite Films Designed for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents Decontamination
description	In the context of imminent threats concerning biological and chemical warfare agents, the aim of this study was the development of a new method for biological and chemical decontamination, employing non-toxic, film-forming, water-based biodegradable solutions, using a nano sized reagent together with bentonite as trapping agents for the biological and chemical contaminants. Bentonite-supported nanoparticles of Cu, TiO<sub>2</sub>, and Ag were successfully synthesized and dispersed in a polyvinyl alcohol (<b>PVA</b>)/glycerol (<b>GLY</b>) aqueous solution. The decontamination effectiveness of the proposed solutions was evaluated by qualitative and quantitative analytical techniques on various micro-organisms, with sulfur mustard (<b>HD</b>) and dimethyl methylphosphonate (<b>DMMP</b>) as contaminants. The results indicate that the peelable active nanocomposite films can be successfully used on contaminated surfaces to neutralize and entrap the hazardous materials and their degradation products. Mechanical and thermal characterization of the polymeric films was also performed to validate the decontamination solution’s potential as peelable-film generating materials. The removal efficacy from the contaminated surfaces for the tested micro-organisms varied between 93% and 97%, while for the chemical agent <b>HD</b>, the highest decontamination factor obtained was 90.89%. <b>DMMP</b> was almost completely removed from the contaminated surfaces, and a decontamination factor of 99.97% was obtained.
format	article
author	Gabriela Toader Aurel Diacon Traian Rotariu Mioara Alexandru Edina Rusen Raluca Elena Ginghină Florentina Alexe Ramona Oncioiu Florina Lucica Zorila Alice Podaru Andreea Elena Moldovan Daniela Pulpea Ana Mihaela Gavrilă Tanta Verona Iordache Raluca Șomoghi
author_facet	Gabriela Toader Aurel Diacon Traian Rotariu Mioara Alexandru Edina Rusen Raluca Elena Ginghină Florentina Alexe Ramona Oncioiu Florina Lucica Zorila Alice Podaru Andreea Elena Moldovan Daniela Pulpea Ana Mihaela Gavrilă Tanta Verona Iordache Raluca Șomoghi
author_sort	Gabriela Toader
title	Eco–Friendly Peelable Active Nanocomposite Films Designed for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents Decontamination
title_short	Eco–Friendly Peelable Active Nanocomposite Films Designed for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents Decontamination
title_full	Eco–Friendly Peelable Active Nanocomposite Films Designed for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents Decontamination
title_fullStr	Eco–Friendly Peelable Active Nanocomposite Films Designed for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents Decontamination
title_full_unstemmed	Eco–Friendly Peelable Active Nanocomposite Films Designed for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents Decontamination
title_sort	eco–friendly peelable active nanocomposite films designed for biological and chemical warfare agents decontamination
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5a77a8d02655495b97e4cd3f46914fc5
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Eco–Friendly Peelable Active Nanocomposite Films Designed for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents Decontamination

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