Cerebellar damage impairs executive control and monitoring of movement generation.

Executive control of motor responses is a psychological construct of the executive system. Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus in the inhibition of actions and monitoring of performance. The involvement of the cerebellum in cognitive...

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Autores principales:	Emiliano Brunamonti, Francesca R Chiricozzi, Silvia Clausi, Giusy Olivito, Maria Assunta Giusti, Marco Molinari, Stefano Ferraina, Maria Leggio
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5a7e7ce088824ee6946723e4e196e65f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5a7e7ce088824ee6946723e4e196e65f2021-11-18T08:37:24ZCerebellar damage impairs executive control and monitoring of movement generation.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0085997https://doaj.org/article/5a7e7ce088824ee6946723e4e196e65f2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24465830/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Executive control of motor responses is a psychological construct of the executive system. Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus in the inhibition of actions and monitoring of performance. The involvement of the cerebellum in cognitive function and its functional interaction with basal ganglia have recently been reported. Based on these findings, we examined the hypothesis of cerebellar involvement in executive control by administering a countermanding task in patients with focal cerebellar damage. The countermanding task requires one to make a movement in response to a 'go' signal and to halt it when a 'stop' signal is presented. The duration of the go process (reaction time; RT), the duration of the stop process (stop signal reaction time; SSRT), and their relationship, expressed by a psychometric function, are recorded as measures of executive control. All patients had longer go process duration in general and in particular, as a proactive control, as demonstrated by the increase in RT after erroneously performed stop trials. Further, they were defective in the slope of the psychometric function indicating a difficulty on triggering the stop process, although the SSRT did not differ from controls. Notably, their performance was worse when lesions affected deep cerebellar nuclei. Our results support the hypothesis that the cerebellum regulates the executive control of voluntary actions. We speculate that its activity is attributed to specific cerebellar influence over the cortico-striatal loop.Emiliano BrunamontiFrancesca R ChiricozziSilvia ClausiGiusy OlivitoMaria Assunta GiustiMarco MolinariStefano FerrainaMaria LeggioPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e85997 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Emiliano Brunamonti Francesca R Chiricozzi Silvia Clausi Giusy Olivito Maria Assunta Giusti Marco Molinari Stefano Ferraina Maria Leggio Cerebellar damage impairs executive control and monitoring of movement generation.
description	Executive control of motor responses is a psychological construct of the executive system. Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus in the inhibition of actions and monitoring of performance. The involvement of the cerebellum in cognitive function and its functional interaction with basal ganglia have recently been reported. Based on these findings, we examined the hypothesis of cerebellar involvement in executive control by administering a countermanding task in patients with focal cerebellar damage. The countermanding task requires one to make a movement in response to a 'go' signal and to halt it when a 'stop' signal is presented. The duration of the go process (reaction time; RT), the duration of the stop process (stop signal reaction time; SSRT), and their relationship, expressed by a psychometric function, are recorded as measures of executive control. All patients had longer go process duration in general and in particular, as a proactive control, as demonstrated by the increase in RT after erroneously performed stop trials. Further, they were defective in the slope of the psychometric function indicating a difficulty on triggering the stop process, although the SSRT did not differ from controls. Notably, their performance was worse when lesions affected deep cerebellar nuclei. Our results support the hypothesis that the cerebellum regulates the executive control of voluntary actions. We speculate that its activity is attributed to specific cerebellar influence over the cortico-striatal loop.
format	article
author	Emiliano Brunamonti Francesca R Chiricozzi Silvia Clausi Giusy Olivito Maria Assunta Giusti Marco Molinari Stefano Ferraina Maria Leggio
author_facet	Emiliano Brunamonti Francesca R Chiricozzi Silvia Clausi Giusy Olivito Maria Assunta Giusti Marco Molinari Stefano Ferraina Maria Leggio
author_sort	Emiliano Brunamonti
title	Cerebellar damage impairs executive control and monitoring of movement generation.
title_short	Cerebellar damage impairs executive control and monitoring of movement generation.
title_full	Cerebellar damage impairs executive control and monitoring of movement generation.
title_fullStr	Cerebellar damage impairs executive control and monitoring of movement generation.
title_full_unstemmed	Cerebellar damage impairs executive control and monitoring of movement generation.
title_sort	cerebellar damage impairs executive control and monitoring of movement generation.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/5a7e7ce088824ee6946723e4e196e65f
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Cerebellar damage impairs executive control and monitoring of movement generation.

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