Neuronal patterning of the tubular collar cord is highly conserved among enteropneusts but dissimilar to the chordate neural tube

Abstract A tubular nervous system is present in the deuterostome groups Chordata (cephalochordates, tunicates, vertebrates) and in the non-chordate Enteropneusta. However, the worm-shaped enteropneusts possess a less complex nervous system featuring only a short hollow neural tube, whereby homology...

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Autores principales:	Sabrina Kaul-Strehlow, Makoto Urata, Daniela Praher, Andreas Wanninger
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5a8865bc3d6443a5b0ec374467eb109b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5a8865bc3d6443a5b0ec374467eb109b2021-12-02T12:32:00ZNeuronal patterning of the tubular collar cord is highly conserved among enteropneusts but dissimilar to the chordate neural tube10.1038/s41598-017-07052-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/5a8865bc3d6443a5b0ec374467eb109b2017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07052-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract A tubular nervous system is present in the deuterostome groups Chordata (cephalochordates, tunicates, vertebrates) and in the non-chordate Enteropneusta. However, the worm-shaped enteropneusts possess a less complex nervous system featuring only a short hollow neural tube, whereby homology to its chordate counterpart remains elusive. Since the majority of data on enteropneusts stem from the harrimaniid Saccoglossus kowalevskii, putative interspecific variations remain undetected resulting in an unreliable ground pattern that impedes homology assessments. In order to complement the missing data from another enteropneust family, we investigated expression of key neuronal patterning genes in the ptychoderid Balanoglossus misakiensis. The collar cord of B. misakiensis shows anterior Six3/6 and posterior Otx + Engrailed expression, in a region corresponding to the chordate brain. Neuronal Nk2.1/Nk2.2 expression is absent. Interestingly, we found median Dlx and lateral Pax6 expression domains, i.e., a condition that is reversed compared to chordates. Comparative analyses reveal that adult nervous system patterning is highly conserved among the enteropneust families Harrimaniidae, Spengelidae and Ptychoderidae. BmiDlx and BmiPax6 have no corresponding expression domains in the chordate brain, which may be indicative of independent acquisition of a tubular nervous system in Enteropneusta and Chordata.Sabrina Kaul-StrehlowMakoto UrataDaniela PraherAndreas WanningerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sabrina Kaul-Strehlow Makoto Urata Daniela Praher Andreas Wanninger Neuronal patterning of the tubular collar cord is highly conserved among enteropneusts but dissimilar to the chordate neural tube
description	Abstract A tubular nervous system is present in the deuterostome groups Chordata (cephalochordates, tunicates, vertebrates) and in the non-chordate Enteropneusta. However, the worm-shaped enteropneusts possess a less complex nervous system featuring only a short hollow neural tube, whereby homology to its chordate counterpart remains elusive. Since the majority of data on enteropneusts stem from the harrimaniid Saccoglossus kowalevskii, putative interspecific variations remain undetected resulting in an unreliable ground pattern that impedes homology assessments. In order to complement the missing data from another enteropneust family, we investigated expression of key neuronal patterning genes in the ptychoderid Balanoglossus misakiensis. The collar cord of B. misakiensis shows anterior Six3/6 and posterior Otx + Engrailed expression, in a region corresponding to the chordate brain. Neuronal Nk2.1/Nk2.2 expression is absent. Interestingly, we found median Dlx and lateral Pax6 expression domains, i.e., a condition that is reversed compared to chordates. Comparative analyses reveal that adult nervous system patterning is highly conserved among the enteropneust families Harrimaniidae, Spengelidae and Ptychoderidae. BmiDlx and BmiPax6 have no corresponding expression domains in the chordate brain, which may be indicative of independent acquisition of a tubular nervous system in Enteropneusta and Chordata.
format	article
author	Sabrina Kaul-Strehlow Makoto Urata Daniela Praher Andreas Wanninger
author_facet	Sabrina Kaul-Strehlow Makoto Urata Daniela Praher Andreas Wanninger
author_sort	Sabrina Kaul-Strehlow
title	Neuronal patterning of the tubular collar cord is highly conserved among enteropneusts but dissimilar to the chordate neural tube
title_short	Neuronal patterning of the tubular collar cord is highly conserved among enteropneusts but dissimilar to the chordate neural tube
title_full	Neuronal patterning of the tubular collar cord is highly conserved among enteropneusts but dissimilar to the chordate neural tube
title_fullStr	Neuronal patterning of the tubular collar cord is highly conserved among enteropneusts but dissimilar to the chordate neural tube
title_full_unstemmed	Neuronal patterning of the tubular collar cord is highly conserved among enteropneusts but dissimilar to the chordate neural tube
title_sort	neuronal patterning of the tubular collar cord is highly conserved among enteropneusts but dissimilar to the chordate neural tube
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/5a8865bc3d6443a5b0ec374467eb109b
work_keys_str_mv	AT sabrinakaulstrehlow neuronalpatterningofthetubularcollarcordishighlyconservedamongenteropneustsbutdissimilartothechordateneuraltube AT makotourata neuronalpatterningofthetubularcollarcordishighlyconservedamongenteropneustsbutdissimilartothechordateneuraltube AT danielapraher neuronalpatterningofthetubularcollarcordishighlyconservedamongenteropneustsbutdissimilartothechordateneuraltube AT andreaswanninger neuronalpatterningofthetubularcollarcordishighlyconservedamongenteropneustsbutdissimilartothechordateneuraltube
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Neuronal patterning of the tubular collar cord is highly conserved among enteropneusts but dissimilar to the chordate neural tube

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