Impact of Design on the Activity of ZrO<sub>2</sub> Catalysts in Cellulose Hydrolysis-Dehydration to Glucose and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural
The one-pot hydrolysis-dehydration of activated microcrystalline cellulose was studied in pure hydrothermal water at 453 K over ZrO<sub>2</sub> catalysts produced by thermodegradation, microwave treatment, mechanical activation, and sol–gel methods and spent without any co-catalyst. ZrO&...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | article |
| Language: | EN |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doaj.org/article/5ac92276e80a44e78c3af63bf24a1f96 |
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| Summary: | The one-pot hydrolysis-dehydration of activated microcrystalline cellulose was studied in pure hydrothermal water at 453 K over ZrO<sub>2</sub> catalysts produced by thermodegradation, microwave treatment, mechanical activation, and sol–gel methods and spent without any co-catalyst. ZrO<sub>2</sub> prepared by microwave treatment was more active compared to ones derived by other methods. The catalyst calcination temperature also impacted reactivity. The cellulose conversion increased simultaneously with acidity and S<sub>BET</sub>, which in turn were set by the preparation method and calcination temperature. Phase composition did not affect the activity. Yields of glucose and 5-HMF reaching 18 and 15%, respectively, were over the most promising ZrO<sub>2</sub> prepared by microwave treatment at 593 K. To our knowledge, this ZrO<sub>2</sub> sample provided the highest activity in terms of TOF values (15.1 mmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>) compared to the pure ZrO<sub>2</sub> systems reported elsewhere. High stability of ZrO<sub>2</sub> derived by microwave irradiation was shown in five reaction runs. |
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