Review of sheep and goat pox disease: current updates on epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and control measures in Ethiopia

Abstract Sheep pox, goat pox, and lumpy skin diseases are economically significant and contagious viral diseases of sheep, goats and cattle, respectively, caused by the genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) of the family Poxviridae. Currently, CaPV infection of small ruminants (sheep and goats) has been distri...

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Autores principales:	Girma Zewdie, Getaw Derese, Belayneh Getachew, Hassen Belay, Mirtneh Akalu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	CaPV Ethiopia GTPV Sheep pox Goat pox SPPV Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5ac9c4d6118c4bfc9e4e1fa07ddb384c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5ac9c4d6118c4bfc9e4e1fa07ddb384c2021-11-21T12:02:58ZReview of sheep and goat pox disease: current updates on epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and control measures in Ethiopia10.1186/s44149-021-00028-22731-0442https://doaj.org/article/5ac9c4d6118c4bfc9e4e1fa07ddb384c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s44149-021-00028-2https://doaj.org/toc/2731-0442Abstract Sheep pox, goat pox, and lumpy skin diseases are economically significant and contagious viral diseases of sheep, goats and cattle, respectively, caused by the genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) of the family Poxviridae. Currently, CaPV infection of small ruminants (sheep and goats) has been distributed widely and are prevalent in Central Africa, the Middle East, Europe and Asia. This disease poses challenges to food production and distribution, affecting rural livelihoods in most African countries, including Ethiopia. Transmission occurs mainly by direct or indirect contact with infected animals. They cause high morbidity (75-100% in endemic areas) and mortality (10-85%). Additionally, the mortality rate can approach 100% in susceptible animals. Diagnosis largely relies on clinical symptoms, confirmed by laboratory testing using real-time PCR, electron microscopy, virus isolation, serology and histology. Control and eradication of sheep pox virus (SPPV), goat pox virus (GTPV), and lumpy skin disease (LSDV) depend on timely recognition of disease eruption, vector control, and movement restriction. To date, attenuated vaccines originating from KSGPV O-180 strains are effective and widely used in Ethiopia to control CaPV throughout the country. This vaccine strain is clinically safe to control CaPV in small ruminants but not in cattle which may be associated with insufficient vaccination coverage and the production of low-quality vaccines.Girma ZewdieGetaw DereseBelayneh GetachewHassen BelayMirtneh AkaluBMCarticleCaPVEthiopiaGTPVSheep poxGoat poxSPPVVeterinary medicineSF600-1100Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENAnimal Diseases, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	CaPV Ethiopia GTPV Sheep pox Goat pox SPPV Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	CaPV Ethiopia GTPV Sheep pox Goat pox SPPV Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Girma Zewdie Getaw Derese Belayneh Getachew Hassen Belay Mirtneh Akalu Review of sheep and goat pox disease: current updates on epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and control measures in Ethiopia
description	Abstract Sheep pox, goat pox, and lumpy skin diseases are economically significant and contagious viral diseases of sheep, goats and cattle, respectively, caused by the genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) of the family Poxviridae. Currently, CaPV infection of small ruminants (sheep and goats) has been distributed widely and are prevalent in Central Africa, the Middle East, Europe and Asia. This disease poses challenges to food production and distribution, affecting rural livelihoods in most African countries, including Ethiopia. Transmission occurs mainly by direct or indirect contact with infected animals. They cause high morbidity (75-100% in endemic areas) and mortality (10-85%). Additionally, the mortality rate can approach 100% in susceptible animals. Diagnosis largely relies on clinical symptoms, confirmed by laboratory testing using real-time PCR, electron microscopy, virus isolation, serology and histology. Control and eradication of sheep pox virus (SPPV), goat pox virus (GTPV), and lumpy skin disease (LSDV) depend on timely recognition of disease eruption, vector control, and movement restriction. To date, attenuated vaccines originating from KSGPV O-180 strains are effective and widely used in Ethiopia to control CaPV throughout the country. This vaccine strain is clinically safe to control CaPV in small ruminants but not in cattle which may be associated with insufficient vaccination coverage and the production of low-quality vaccines.
format	article
author	Girma Zewdie Getaw Derese Belayneh Getachew Hassen Belay Mirtneh Akalu
author_facet	Girma Zewdie Getaw Derese Belayneh Getachew Hassen Belay Mirtneh Akalu
author_sort	Girma Zewdie
title	Review of sheep and goat pox disease: current updates on epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and control measures in Ethiopia
title_short	Review of sheep and goat pox disease: current updates on epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and control measures in Ethiopia
title_full	Review of sheep and goat pox disease: current updates on epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and control measures in Ethiopia
title_fullStr	Review of sheep and goat pox disease: current updates on epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and control measures in Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed	Review of sheep and goat pox disease: current updates on epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and control measures in Ethiopia
title_sort	review of sheep and goat pox disease: current updates on epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and control measures in ethiopia
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5ac9c4d6118c4bfc9e4e1fa07ddb384c
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Review of sheep and goat pox disease: current updates on epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and control measures in Ethiopia

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