Phenotypic differences between highlanders and lowlanders in Papua New Guinea.

<h4>Objectives</h4>Altitude is one of the most demanding environmental pressures for human populations. Highlanders from Asia, America and Africa have been shown to exhibit different biological adaptations, but Oceanian populations remain understudied [Woolcock et al., 1972; Cotes et al....

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Mathilde André, Nicolas Brucato, Sébastien Plutniak, Jason Kariwiga, John Muke, Adeline Morez, Matthew Leavesley, Mayukh Mondal, François-Xavier Ricaut
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5aebbc8524f14c0a908d0ab4e0f0a14f
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:5aebbc8524f14c0a908d0ab4e0f0a14f
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5aebbc8524f14c0a908d0ab4e0f0a14f2021-12-02T20:06:45ZPhenotypic differences between highlanders and lowlanders in Papua New Guinea.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0253921https://doaj.org/article/5aebbc8524f14c0a908d0ab4e0f0a14f2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253921https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Objectives</h4>Altitude is one of the most demanding environmental pressures for human populations. Highlanders from Asia, America and Africa have been shown to exhibit different biological adaptations, but Oceanian populations remain understudied [Woolcock et al., 1972; Cotes et al., 1974; Senn et al., 2010]. We tested the hypothesis that highlanders phenotypically differ from lowlanders in Papua New Guinea, as a result of inhabiting the highest mountains in Oceania for at least 20,000 years.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>We collected data for 13 different phenotypes related to altitude for 162 Papua New Guineans living at high altitude (Mont Wilhelm, 2,300-2,700 m above sea level (a.s.l.) and low altitude (Daru, <100m a.s.l.). Multilinear regressions were performed to detect differences between highlanders and lowlanders for phenotypic measurements related to body proportions, pulmonary function, and the circulatory system.<h4>Results</h4>Six phenotypes were significantly different between Papua New Guinean highlanders and lowlanders. Highlanders show shorter height (p-value = 0.001), smaller waist circumference (p-value = 0.002), larger Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) (p-value = 0.008), larger maximal (p-value = 3.20e -4) and minimal chest depth (p-value = 2.37e -5) and higher haemoglobin concentration (p-value = 3.36e -4).<h4>Discussion</h4>Our study reports specific phenotypes in Papua New Guinean highlanders potentially related to altitude adaptation. Similar to other human groups adapted to high altitude, the evolutionary history of Papua New Guineans appears to have also followed an adaptive biological strategy for altitude.Mathilde AndréNicolas BrucatoSébastien PlutniakJason KariwigaJohn MukeAdeline MorezMatthew LeavesleyMayukh MondalFrançois-Xavier RicautPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0253921 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mathilde André Nicolas Brucato Sébastien Plutniak Jason Kariwiga John Muke Adeline Morez Matthew Leavesley Mayukh Mondal François-Xavier Ricaut Phenotypic differences between highlanders and lowlanders in Papua New Guinea.
description	<h4>Objectives</h4>Altitude is one of the most demanding environmental pressures for human populations. Highlanders from Asia, America and Africa have been shown to exhibit different biological adaptations, but Oceanian populations remain understudied [Woolcock et al., 1972; Cotes et al., 1974; Senn et al., 2010]. We tested the hypothesis that highlanders phenotypically differ from lowlanders in Papua New Guinea, as a result of inhabiting the highest mountains in Oceania for at least 20,000 years.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>We collected data for 13 different phenotypes related to altitude for 162 Papua New Guineans living at high altitude (Mont Wilhelm, 2,300-2,700 m above sea level (a.s.l.) and low altitude (Daru, <100m a.s.l.). Multilinear regressions were performed to detect differences between highlanders and lowlanders for phenotypic measurements related to body proportions, pulmonary function, and the circulatory system.<h4>Results</h4>Six phenotypes were significantly different between Papua New Guinean highlanders and lowlanders. Highlanders show shorter height (p-value = 0.001), smaller waist circumference (p-value = 0.002), larger Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) (p-value = 0.008), larger maximal (p-value = 3.20e -4) and minimal chest depth (p-value = 2.37e -5) and higher haemoglobin concentration (p-value = 3.36e -4).<h4>Discussion</h4>Our study reports specific phenotypes in Papua New Guinean highlanders potentially related to altitude adaptation. Similar to other human groups adapted to high altitude, the evolutionary history of Papua New Guineans appears to have also followed an adaptive biological strategy for altitude.
format	article
author	Mathilde André Nicolas Brucato Sébastien Plutniak Jason Kariwiga John Muke Adeline Morez Matthew Leavesley Mayukh Mondal François-Xavier Ricaut
author_facet	Mathilde André Nicolas Brucato Sébastien Plutniak Jason Kariwiga John Muke Adeline Morez Matthew Leavesley Mayukh Mondal François-Xavier Ricaut
author_sort	Mathilde André
title	Phenotypic differences between highlanders and lowlanders in Papua New Guinea.
title_short	Phenotypic differences between highlanders and lowlanders in Papua New Guinea.
title_full	Phenotypic differences between highlanders and lowlanders in Papua New Guinea.
title_fullStr	Phenotypic differences between highlanders and lowlanders in Papua New Guinea.
title_full_unstemmed	Phenotypic differences between highlanders and lowlanders in Papua New Guinea.
title_sort	phenotypic differences between highlanders and lowlanders in papua new guinea.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5aebbc8524f14c0a908d0ab4e0f0a14f
work_keys_str_mv	AT mathildeandre phenotypicdifferencesbetweenhighlandersandlowlandersinpapuanewguinea AT nicolasbrucato phenotypicdifferencesbetweenhighlandersandlowlandersinpapuanewguinea AT sebastienplutniak phenotypicdifferencesbetweenhighlandersandlowlandersinpapuanewguinea AT jasonkariwiga phenotypicdifferencesbetweenhighlandersandlowlandersinpapuanewguinea AT johnmuke phenotypicdifferencesbetweenhighlandersandlowlandersinpapuanewguinea AT adelinemorez phenotypicdifferencesbetweenhighlandersandlowlandersinpapuanewguinea AT matthewleavesley phenotypicdifferencesbetweenhighlandersandlowlandersinpapuanewguinea AT mayukhmondal phenotypicdifferencesbetweenhighlandersandlowlandersinpapuanewguinea AT francoisxavierricaut phenotypicdifferencesbetweenhighlandersandlowlandersinpapuanewguinea
_version_	1718375361349156864

Phenotypic differences between highlanders and lowlanders in Papua New Guinea.

Ejemplares similares