Intact type I Interferon production and IRF7 function in sooty mangabeys.
In contrast to pathogenic HIV/SIV infections of humans and rhesus macaques (RMs), natural SIV infection of sooty mangabeys (SMs) is typically non-pathogenic despite high viremia. Several studies suggested that low immune activation and relative resistance of CD4+ central memory T-cells from virus in...
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oai:doaj.org-article:5b0c540582744a36ba3a59a847ac88602021-11-18T06:07:42ZIntact type I Interferon production and IRF7 function in sooty mangabeys.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1003597https://doaj.org/article/5b0c540582744a36ba3a59a847ac88602013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24009514/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374In contrast to pathogenic HIV/SIV infections of humans and rhesus macaques (RMs), natural SIV infection of sooty mangabeys (SMs) is typically non-pathogenic despite high viremia. Several studies suggested that low immune activation and relative resistance of CD4+ central memory T-cells from virus infection are mechanisms that protect SMs from AIDS. In 2008 it was reported that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) of SMs exhibit attenuated interferon-alpha (IFN-α) responses to TLR7/9 ligands in vitro, and that species-specific amino acid substitutions in SM Interferon Regulatory Factor-7 (IRF7) are responsible for this observation. Based on these findings, these authors proposed that "muted" IFN-α responses are responsible for the benign nature of SIV infection in SMs. However, other studies indicated that acutely SIV-infected SMs show robust IFN-α responses and marked upregulation of Interferon Stimulated Genes (ISGs). To investigate this apparent disparity, we first examined the role of the reported IRF7 amino acid substitutions in SMs. To this end, we sequenced all IRF7 exons in 16 breeders, and exons displaying variability (exons 2,3,5,6,7,8) in the remainder of the colony (177 animals). We found that the reported Ser-Gly substitution at position 191 was a sequencing error, and that several of the remaining substitutions represent only minor alleles. In addition, functional assays using recombinant SM IRF7 showed no defect in its ability to translocate in the nucleus and drive transcription from an IFN-α promoter. Furthermore, in vitro stimulation of SM peripheral blood mononuclear cells with either the TLR7 agonist CL097 or SIV(mac239) induced an 500-800-fold induction of IFN-α and IFN-β mRNA, and levels of IFN-α production by pDCs similar to those of RMs or humans. These data establish that IFN-α and IRF7 signaling in SMs are largely intact, with differences with RMs that are minor and unlikely to play any role in the AIDS resistance of SIV-infected SMs.Steven E BosingerZachary P JohnsonKathryn A FolknerNirav PatelTayebeh HashempourSimon P JochemsPerla M Del Rio EstradaMirko PaiardiniRongtuan LinThomas H VanderfordJohn HiscottGuido SilvestriPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 9, Iss 8, p e1003597 (2013) |
| institution |
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| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
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| topic |
Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
| spellingShingle |
Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Steven E Bosinger Zachary P Johnson Kathryn A Folkner Nirav Patel Tayebeh Hashempour Simon P Jochems Perla M Del Rio Estrada Mirko Paiardini Rongtuan Lin Thomas H Vanderford John Hiscott Guido Silvestri Intact type I Interferon production and IRF7 function in sooty mangabeys. |
| description |
In contrast to pathogenic HIV/SIV infections of humans and rhesus macaques (RMs), natural SIV infection of sooty mangabeys (SMs) is typically non-pathogenic despite high viremia. Several studies suggested that low immune activation and relative resistance of CD4+ central memory T-cells from virus infection are mechanisms that protect SMs from AIDS. In 2008 it was reported that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) of SMs exhibit attenuated interferon-alpha (IFN-α) responses to TLR7/9 ligands in vitro, and that species-specific amino acid substitutions in SM Interferon Regulatory Factor-7 (IRF7) are responsible for this observation. Based on these findings, these authors proposed that "muted" IFN-α responses are responsible for the benign nature of SIV infection in SMs. However, other studies indicated that acutely SIV-infected SMs show robust IFN-α responses and marked upregulation of Interferon Stimulated Genes (ISGs). To investigate this apparent disparity, we first examined the role of the reported IRF7 amino acid substitutions in SMs. To this end, we sequenced all IRF7 exons in 16 breeders, and exons displaying variability (exons 2,3,5,6,7,8) in the remainder of the colony (177 animals). We found that the reported Ser-Gly substitution at position 191 was a sequencing error, and that several of the remaining substitutions represent only minor alleles. In addition, functional assays using recombinant SM IRF7 showed no defect in its ability to translocate in the nucleus and drive transcription from an IFN-α promoter. Furthermore, in vitro stimulation of SM peripheral blood mononuclear cells with either the TLR7 agonist CL097 or SIV(mac239) induced an 500-800-fold induction of IFN-α and IFN-β mRNA, and levels of IFN-α production by pDCs similar to those of RMs or humans. These data establish that IFN-α and IRF7 signaling in SMs are largely intact, with differences with RMs that are minor and unlikely to play any role in the AIDS resistance of SIV-infected SMs. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Steven E Bosinger Zachary P Johnson Kathryn A Folkner Nirav Patel Tayebeh Hashempour Simon P Jochems Perla M Del Rio Estrada Mirko Paiardini Rongtuan Lin Thomas H Vanderford John Hiscott Guido Silvestri |
| author_facet |
Steven E Bosinger Zachary P Johnson Kathryn A Folkner Nirav Patel Tayebeh Hashempour Simon P Jochems Perla M Del Rio Estrada Mirko Paiardini Rongtuan Lin Thomas H Vanderford John Hiscott Guido Silvestri |
| author_sort |
Steven E Bosinger |
| title |
Intact type I Interferon production and IRF7 function in sooty mangabeys. |
| title_short |
Intact type I Interferon production and IRF7 function in sooty mangabeys. |
| title_full |
Intact type I Interferon production and IRF7 function in sooty mangabeys. |
| title_fullStr |
Intact type I Interferon production and IRF7 function in sooty mangabeys. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Intact type I Interferon production and IRF7 function in sooty mangabeys. |
| title_sort |
intact type i interferon production and irf7 function in sooty mangabeys. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/5b0c540582744a36ba3a59a847ac8860 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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1718424539231158272 |