Linear and non linear measures of pupil size as a function of hypnotizability

Abstract Higher arousal and cortical excitability have been observed in high hypnotizable individuals (highs) with respect to low hypnotizables (lows), which may be due to differences in the activation of ascending activating systems. The present study investigated the possible hypnotizability-relat...

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Autores principales:	Antonio Lanatà, Alberto Greco, Mirco Ciardelli, Allison Uvelli, Elisabetta Fratini, Diego Manzoni, Enzo P. Scilingo, Enrica L. Santarcangelo, Laura Sebastiani
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5b158c1d63d74c009a85adb96a8c65c2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5b158c1d63d74c009a85adb96a8c65c22021-12-02T13:20:23ZLinear and non linear measures of pupil size as a function of hypnotizability10.1038/s41598-021-84756-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/5b158c1d63d74c009a85adb96a8c65c22021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84756-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Higher arousal and cortical excitability have been observed in high hypnotizable individuals (highs) with respect to low hypnotizables (lows), which may be due to differences in the activation of ascending activating systems. The present study investigated the possible hypnotizability-related difference in the cortical noradrenergic tone sustained by the activity of the Locus Coeruleus which is strongly related to pupil size. This was measured during relaxation in three groups of participants—highs (N = 15), lows (N = 15) and medium hypnotizable individuals (mediums, N = 11)—in the time and frequency domains and through the Recurrence Quantification Analysis. ECG and Skin Conductace (SC) were monitored to extract autonomic indices of relaxation (heart interbeats intervals, parasympathetic component of heart rate variability (RMSSD) and tonic SC (MeanTonicSC). Most variables indicated that participants relaxed throughout the session. Pupil features did not show significant differences between highs, mediums and lows, except for the spectral Band Median Frequency which was higher in mediums than in lows and highs at the beginning, but not at the end of the session.Thus, the present findings of pupil size cannot account for the differences in arousal and motor cortex excitability observed between highs and lows in resting conditions.Antonio LanatàAlberto GrecoMirco CiardelliAllison UvelliElisabetta FratiniDiego ManzoniEnzo P. ScilingoEnrica L. SantarcangeloLaura SebastianiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Antonio Lanatà Alberto Greco Mirco Ciardelli Allison Uvelli Elisabetta Fratini Diego Manzoni Enzo P. Scilingo Enrica L. Santarcangelo Laura Sebastiani Linear and non linear measures of pupil size as a function of hypnotizability
description	Abstract Higher arousal and cortical excitability have been observed in high hypnotizable individuals (highs) with respect to low hypnotizables (lows), which may be due to differences in the activation of ascending activating systems. The present study investigated the possible hypnotizability-related difference in the cortical noradrenergic tone sustained by the activity of the Locus Coeruleus which is strongly related to pupil size. This was measured during relaxation in three groups of participants—highs (N = 15), lows (N = 15) and medium hypnotizable individuals (mediums, N = 11)—in the time and frequency domains and through the Recurrence Quantification Analysis. ECG and Skin Conductace (SC) were monitored to extract autonomic indices of relaxation (heart interbeats intervals, parasympathetic component of heart rate variability (RMSSD) and tonic SC (MeanTonicSC). Most variables indicated that participants relaxed throughout the session. Pupil features did not show significant differences between highs, mediums and lows, except for the spectral Band Median Frequency which was higher in mediums than in lows and highs at the beginning, but not at the end of the session.Thus, the present findings of pupil size cannot account for the differences in arousal and motor cortex excitability observed between highs and lows in resting conditions.
format	article
author	Antonio Lanatà Alberto Greco Mirco Ciardelli Allison Uvelli Elisabetta Fratini Diego Manzoni Enzo P. Scilingo Enrica L. Santarcangelo Laura Sebastiani
author_facet	Antonio Lanatà Alberto Greco Mirco Ciardelli Allison Uvelli Elisabetta Fratini Diego Manzoni Enzo P. Scilingo Enrica L. Santarcangelo Laura Sebastiani
author_sort	Antonio Lanatà
title	Linear and non linear measures of pupil size as a function of hypnotizability
title_short	Linear and non linear measures of pupil size as a function of hypnotizability
title_full	Linear and non linear measures of pupil size as a function of hypnotizability
title_fullStr	Linear and non linear measures of pupil size as a function of hypnotizability
title_full_unstemmed	Linear and non linear measures of pupil size as a function of hypnotizability
title_sort	linear and non linear measures of pupil size as a function of hypnotizability
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5b158c1d63d74c009a85adb96a8c65c2
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Linear and non linear measures of pupil size as a function of hypnotizability

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