The Chemical and Cytotoxic Properties of <em>Sambucus nigra</em> Extracts—A Natural Food Colorant
Elderberry fruits contain valuable components that are beneficial to human health. Owing to the high content of anthocyanins, elderberry extracts can be used as natural food colorants with health-promoting properties. Moreover, the development of new natural food dyes enables the reduction in the us...
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MDPI AG
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:5b2afb3fd500450e85a0b184a3a1ae5a2021-11-25T19:03:41ZThe Chemical and Cytotoxic Properties of <em>Sambucus nigra</em> Extracts—A Natural Food Colorant10.3390/su1322127022071-1050https://doaj.org/article/5b2afb3fd500450e85a0b184a3a1ae5a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12702https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Elderberry fruits contain valuable components that are beneficial to human health. Owing to the high content of anthocyanins, elderberry extracts can be used as natural food colorants with health-promoting properties. Moreover, the development of new natural food dyes enables the reduction in the use of synthetic ones. Anthocyanins-rich elderberry dry extracts (EDE) were prepared from the same batch of frozen fruits applying water extraction, followed by membrane separation (batch B1) or purification by column chromatography (batch B2) and then spray-dried. Subsequently, the content of anthocyanins, flavonols, and polyphenols was determined. The extract obtained with the application of column chromatography (B2) contained 33% anthocyanins, which is more than typical market standards, whereas the extract B1 contained 14% anthocyanins. The color properties of both extracts were also determined. Since water was used as an extractant, the extracts are well soluble in water and can therefore be used as a natural food colorant. The cytotoxic activity of both extracts was additionally determined using the MTT test and the tumor cells of the A-549, A-2780, MCF-7, Caco-2 line, and Peripheral blood mononuclear cells. It was revealed that both EDEs inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, except those of the lung cancers. Extract B2 showed a much stronger cytotoxic effect. Additionally, both extracts stimulate the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells since they may have immunostimulatory properties.Mariusz BanachBarbara KhaidakovDaria KorewoMagdalena WęsierskaWojciech CyplikJoanna KujawaLilia M. AhrnéWojciech KujawskiMDPI AGarticle<i>Sambucus nigra</i>elderberrypolyphenolsanthocyaninscytotoxicextractEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12702, p 12702 (2021) |
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DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
<i>Sambucus nigra</i> elderberry polyphenols anthocyanins cytotoxic extract Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
| spellingShingle |
<i>Sambucus nigra</i> elderberry polyphenols anthocyanins cytotoxic extract Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Mariusz Banach Barbara Khaidakov Daria Korewo Magdalena Węsierska Wojciech Cyplik Joanna Kujawa Lilia M. Ahrné Wojciech Kujawski The Chemical and Cytotoxic Properties of <em>Sambucus nigra</em> Extracts—A Natural Food Colorant |
| description |
Elderberry fruits contain valuable components that are beneficial to human health. Owing to the high content of anthocyanins, elderberry extracts can be used as natural food colorants with health-promoting properties. Moreover, the development of new natural food dyes enables the reduction in the use of synthetic ones. Anthocyanins-rich elderberry dry extracts (EDE) were prepared from the same batch of frozen fruits applying water extraction, followed by membrane separation (batch B1) or purification by column chromatography (batch B2) and then spray-dried. Subsequently, the content of anthocyanins, flavonols, and polyphenols was determined. The extract obtained with the application of column chromatography (B2) contained 33% anthocyanins, which is more than typical market standards, whereas the extract B1 contained 14% anthocyanins. The color properties of both extracts were also determined. Since water was used as an extractant, the extracts are well soluble in water and can therefore be used as a natural food colorant. The cytotoxic activity of both extracts was additionally determined using the MTT test and the tumor cells of the A-549, A-2780, MCF-7, Caco-2 line, and Peripheral blood mononuclear cells. It was revealed that both EDEs inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, except those of the lung cancers. Extract B2 showed a much stronger cytotoxic effect. Additionally, both extracts stimulate the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells since they may have immunostimulatory properties. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Mariusz Banach Barbara Khaidakov Daria Korewo Magdalena Węsierska Wojciech Cyplik Joanna Kujawa Lilia M. Ahrné Wojciech Kujawski |
| author_facet |
Mariusz Banach Barbara Khaidakov Daria Korewo Magdalena Węsierska Wojciech Cyplik Joanna Kujawa Lilia M. Ahrné Wojciech Kujawski |
| author_sort |
Mariusz Banach |
| title |
The Chemical and Cytotoxic Properties of <em>Sambucus nigra</em> Extracts—A Natural Food Colorant |
| title_short |
The Chemical and Cytotoxic Properties of <em>Sambucus nigra</em> Extracts—A Natural Food Colorant |
| title_full |
The Chemical and Cytotoxic Properties of <em>Sambucus nigra</em> Extracts—A Natural Food Colorant |
| title_fullStr |
The Chemical and Cytotoxic Properties of <em>Sambucus nigra</em> Extracts—A Natural Food Colorant |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Chemical and Cytotoxic Properties of <em>Sambucus nigra</em> Extracts—A Natural Food Colorant |
| title_sort |
chemical and cytotoxic properties of <em>sambucus nigra</em> extracts—a natural food colorant |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/5b2afb3fd500450e85a0b184a3a1ae5a |
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