Elevation in viral entry genes and innate immunity compromise underlying increased infectivity and severity of COVID-19 in cancer patients

Abstract Multiple studies have reported a doubling in risk of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) among cancer patients. Here, we examine the potential biological rationale behind this recurrent epidemiological observation. By leveraging large-scale genome-wide transcriptional data of normal and mal...

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Autores principales:	Jennifer Yin Yee Kwan, Liang-Tzung Lin, Rachel Bell, Jeffrey P. Bruce, Christopher Richardson, Trevor J. Pugh, Fei-Fei Liu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5b5d721bd98047939c6e665fc34c1be2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5b5d721bd98047939c6e665fc34c1be22021-12-02T13:19:22ZElevation in viral entry genes and innate immunity compromise underlying increased infectivity and severity of COVID-19 in cancer patients10.1038/s41598-021-83366-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/5b5d721bd98047939c6e665fc34c1be22021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83366-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Multiple studies have reported a doubling in risk of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) among cancer patients. Here, we examine the potential biological rationale behind this recurrent epidemiological observation. By leveraging large-scale genome-wide transcriptional data of normal and malignant tissues from adults and children, we found evidence of increased expression of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry genes in the cancer state, particularly in respiratory, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tract tissues, with decreased expression in pediatric vs. adult samples. Additionally, by interrogating the temporal effects of radiotherapy on human peripheral blood mononuclear and mucosal cells, we observed important treatment-related alterations in host innate immunity, specifically type I interferon responses. Overall, cancers enhance expression of critical viral entry genes, and innate viral defenses can be dysregulated transiently during radiation treatments. These factors may contribute to the observed increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 entry and severity of COVID-19 in cancer patients.Jennifer Yin Yee KwanLiang-Tzung LinRachel BellJeffrey P. BruceChristopher RichardsonTrevor J. PughFei-Fei LiuNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jennifer Yin Yee Kwan Liang-Tzung Lin Rachel Bell Jeffrey P. Bruce Christopher Richardson Trevor J. Pugh Fei-Fei Liu Elevation in viral entry genes and innate immunity compromise underlying increased infectivity and severity of COVID-19 in cancer patients
description	Abstract Multiple studies have reported a doubling in risk of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) among cancer patients. Here, we examine the potential biological rationale behind this recurrent epidemiological observation. By leveraging large-scale genome-wide transcriptional data of normal and malignant tissues from adults and children, we found evidence of increased expression of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry genes in the cancer state, particularly in respiratory, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tract tissues, with decreased expression in pediatric vs. adult samples. Additionally, by interrogating the temporal effects of radiotherapy on human peripheral blood mononuclear and mucosal cells, we observed important treatment-related alterations in host innate immunity, specifically type I interferon responses. Overall, cancers enhance expression of critical viral entry genes, and innate viral defenses can be dysregulated transiently during radiation treatments. These factors may contribute to the observed increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 entry and severity of COVID-19 in cancer patients.
format	article
author	Jennifer Yin Yee Kwan Liang-Tzung Lin Rachel Bell Jeffrey P. Bruce Christopher Richardson Trevor J. Pugh Fei-Fei Liu
author_facet	Jennifer Yin Yee Kwan Liang-Tzung Lin Rachel Bell Jeffrey P. Bruce Christopher Richardson Trevor J. Pugh Fei-Fei Liu
author_sort	Jennifer Yin Yee Kwan
title	Elevation in viral entry genes and innate immunity compromise underlying increased infectivity and severity of COVID-19 in cancer patients
title_short	Elevation in viral entry genes and innate immunity compromise underlying increased infectivity and severity of COVID-19 in cancer patients
title_full	Elevation in viral entry genes and innate immunity compromise underlying increased infectivity and severity of COVID-19 in cancer patients
title_fullStr	Elevation in viral entry genes and innate immunity compromise underlying increased infectivity and severity of COVID-19 in cancer patients
title_full_unstemmed	Elevation in viral entry genes and innate immunity compromise underlying increased infectivity and severity of COVID-19 in cancer patients
title_sort	elevation in viral entry genes and innate immunity compromise underlying increased infectivity and severity of covid-19 in cancer patients
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5b5d721bd98047939c6e665fc34c1be2
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Elevation in viral entry genes and innate immunity compromise underlying increased infectivity and severity of COVID-19 in cancer patients

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