Swim Training Ameliorates Hyperlocomotion of ALS Mice and Increases Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in the Spinal Cord

(1) Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable, neurodegenerative disease. In some cases, ALS causes behavioral disturbances and cognitive dysfunction. Swimming has revealed a neuroprotective influence on the motor neurons in ALS. (2) Methods: In the present study, a SOD1-G93A m...

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Autores principales:	Katarzyna Patrycja Dzik, Damian Józef Flis, Zofia Kinga Bytowska, Mateusz Jakub Karnia, Wieslaw Ziolkowski, Jan Jacek Kaczor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	hyperlocomotion ALS oxidative stress metabolism spinal cord Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5bb1c6431f004f31abf2583ab2f85f78
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5bb1c6431f004f31abf2583ab2f85f782021-11-11T17:05:50ZSwim Training Ameliorates Hyperlocomotion of ALS Mice and Increases Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in the Spinal Cord10.3390/ijms2221116141422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/5bb1c6431f004f31abf2583ab2f85f782021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11614https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067(1) Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable, neurodegenerative disease. In some cases, ALS causes behavioral disturbances and cognitive dysfunction. Swimming has revealed a neuroprotective influence on the motor neurons in ALS. (2) Methods: In the present study, a SOD1-G93A mice model of ALS were used, with wild-type B6SJL mice as controls. ALS mice were analyzed before ALS onset (10th week of life), at ALS 1 onset (first symptoms of the disease, ALS 1 onset, and ALS 1 onset SWIM), and at terminal ALS (last stage of the disease, ALS TER, and ALS TER SWIM), and compared with wild-type mice. Swim training was applied 5 times per week for 30 min. All mice underwent behavioral tests. The spinal cord was analyzed for the enzyme activities and oxidative stress markers. (3) Results: Pre-symptomatic ALS mice showed increased locomotor activity versus control mice; the swim training reduced these symptoms. The metabolic changes in the spinal cord were present at the pre-symptomatic stage of the disease with a shift towards glycolytic processes at the terminal stage of ALS. Swim training caused an adaptation, resulting in higher glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and protection against oxidative stress. (4) Conclusion: Therapeutic aquatic activity might slow down the progression of ALS.Katarzyna Patrycja DzikDamian Józef FlisZofia Kinga BytowskaMateusz Jakub KarniaWieslaw ZiolkowskiJan Jacek KaczorMDPI AGarticlehyperlocomotionALSoxidative stressmetabolismspinal cordBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11614, p 11614 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	hyperlocomotion ALS oxidative stress metabolism spinal cord Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	hyperlocomotion ALS oxidative stress metabolism spinal cord Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Katarzyna Patrycja Dzik Damian Józef Flis Zofia Kinga Bytowska Mateusz Jakub Karnia Wieslaw Ziolkowski Jan Jacek Kaczor Swim Training Ameliorates Hyperlocomotion of ALS Mice and Increases Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in the Spinal Cord
description	(1) Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable, neurodegenerative disease. In some cases, ALS causes behavioral disturbances and cognitive dysfunction. Swimming has revealed a neuroprotective influence on the motor neurons in ALS. (2) Methods: In the present study, a SOD1-G93A mice model of ALS were used, with wild-type B6SJL mice as controls. ALS mice were analyzed before ALS onset (10th week of life), at ALS 1 onset (first symptoms of the disease, ALS 1 onset, and ALS 1 onset SWIM), and at terminal ALS (last stage of the disease, ALS TER, and ALS TER SWIM), and compared with wild-type mice. Swim training was applied 5 times per week for 30 min. All mice underwent behavioral tests. The spinal cord was analyzed for the enzyme activities and oxidative stress markers. (3) Results: Pre-symptomatic ALS mice showed increased locomotor activity versus control mice; the swim training reduced these symptoms. The metabolic changes in the spinal cord were present at the pre-symptomatic stage of the disease with a shift towards glycolytic processes at the terminal stage of ALS. Swim training caused an adaptation, resulting in higher glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and protection against oxidative stress. (4) Conclusion: Therapeutic aquatic activity might slow down the progression of ALS.
format	article
author	Katarzyna Patrycja Dzik Damian Józef Flis Zofia Kinga Bytowska Mateusz Jakub Karnia Wieslaw Ziolkowski Jan Jacek Kaczor
author_facet	Katarzyna Patrycja Dzik Damian Józef Flis Zofia Kinga Bytowska Mateusz Jakub Karnia Wieslaw Ziolkowski Jan Jacek Kaczor
author_sort	Katarzyna Patrycja Dzik
title	Swim Training Ameliorates Hyperlocomotion of ALS Mice and Increases Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in the Spinal Cord
title_short	Swim Training Ameliorates Hyperlocomotion of ALS Mice and Increases Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in the Spinal Cord
title_full	Swim Training Ameliorates Hyperlocomotion of ALS Mice and Increases Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in the Spinal Cord
title_fullStr	Swim Training Ameliorates Hyperlocomotion of ALS Mice and Increases Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in the Spinal Cord
title_full_unstemmed	Swim Training Ameliorates Hyperlocomotion of ALS Mice and Increases Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in the Spinal Cord
title_sort	swim training ameliorates hyperlocomotion of als mice and increases glutathione peroxidase activity in the spinal cord
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5bb1c6431f004f31abf2583ab2f85f78
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Swim Training Ameliorates Hyperlocomotion of ALS Mice and Increases Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in the Spinal Cord

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