Subdistrict-Level Reproductive Number for Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattle in Northern Thailand

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is an important contagious transboundary disease that causes a significant economic loss for several countries. The FMD virus (FMDV) can spread very rapidly by direct and indirect transmission among susceptible animals. The complexity and magnitude of FMDV transmission a...

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Autores principales:	Orapun Arjkumpa, Catalina Picasso-Risso, Andres Perez, Veerasak Punyapornwithaya
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	subdistrict reproductive number foot and mouth disease serotype O cattle northern Thailand Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5c4f44ee657241b3bfaa902fd691e069
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5c4f44ee657241b3bfaa902fd691e0692021-11-10T06:23:25ZSubdistrict-Level Reproductive Number for Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattle in Northern Thailand2297-176910.3389/fvets.2021.757132https://doaj.org/article/5c4f44ee657241b3bfaa902fd691e0692021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.757132/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2297-1769Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is an important contagious transboundary disease that causes a significant economic loss for several countries. The FMD virus (FMDV) can spread very rapidly by direct and indirect transmission among susceptible animals. The complexity and magnitude of FMDV transmission at the initial stages of the epidemic can be expressed by the basic reproductive number (R0), and furthermore, control strategies can be assessed by the estimation of the effective reproductive number. In this study, we aimed to describe FMD outbreaks among smallholder cattle farms by subdistricts in the northern Thailand and compute the effective reproductive number for outbreaks caused by FMDV serotype O and overall serotypes, including serotype O, serotype A, and unidentified serotype, at the subdistrict level (Rsd) using an epidemic doubling time method. Field data of FMD outbreaks during 2015–2017 that affected 94 subdistricts in northern Thailand were assessed to estimate the Rsd. Results showed that 63.38% (90/142) of the FMD outbreak episodes in cattle were caused by FMDV serotype O. The average doubling time and the Rsd estimated of the outbreaks caused by FMDV serotype O and overall serotype were 2.80 and 4.67 months, and 1.06 and 1.04, respectively. Our results indicated that transmission of FMD in cattle at the subdistrict level in northern Thailand was not controlled (Rsd > 1), which indicates the endemicity of the disease in the region. Although control measures are in place, the results from this study highlighted the need for enhancing FMD monitoring and control strategies in northern Thailand.Orapun ArjkumpaCatalina Picasso-RissoAndres PerezVeerasak PunyapornwithayaVeerasak PunyapornwithayaFrontiers Media S.A.articlesubdistrict reproductive numberfoot and mouth diseaseserotype Ocattlenorthern ThailandVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENFrontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	subdistrict reproductive number foot and mouth disease serotype O cattle northern Thailand Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	subdistrict reproductive number foot and mouth disease serotype O cattle northern Thailand Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Orapun Arjkumpa Catalina Picasso-Risso Andres Perez Veerasak Punyapornwithaya Veerasak Punyapornwithaya Subdistrict-Level Reproductive Number for Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattle in Northern Thailand
description	Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is an important contagious transboundary disease that causes a significant economic loss for several countries. The FMD virus (FMDV) can spread very rapidly by direct and indirect transmission among susceptible animals. The complexity and magnitude of FMDV transmission at the initial stages of the epidemic can be expressed by the basic reproductive number (R0), and furthermore, control strategies can be assessed by the estimation of the effective reproductive number. In this study, we aimed to describe FMD outbreaks among smallholder cattle farms by subdistricts in the northern Thailand and compute the effective reproductive number for outbreaks caused by FMDV serotype O and overall serotypes, including serotype O, serotype A, and unidentified serotype, at the subdistrict level (Rsd) using an epidemic doubling time method. Field data of FMD outbreaks during 2015–2017 that affected 94 subdistricts in northern Thailand were assessed to estimate the Rsd. Results showed that 63.38% (90/142) of the FMD outbreak episodes in cattle were caused by FMDV serotype O. The average doubling time and the Rsd estimated of the outbreaks caused by FMDV serotype O and overall serotype were 2.80 and 4.67 months, and 1.06 and 1.04, respectively. Our results indicated that transmission of FMD in cattle at the subdistrict level in northern Thailand was not controlled (Rsd > 1), which indicates the endemicity of the disease in the region. Although control measures are in place, the results from this study highlighted the need for enhancing FMD monitoring and control strategies in northern Thailand.
format	article
author	Orapun Arjkumpa Catalina Picasso-Risso Andres Perez Veerasak Punyapornwithaya Veerasak Punyapornwithaya
author_facet	Orapun Arjkumpa Catalina Picasso-Risso Andres Perez Veerasak Punyapornwithaya Veerasak Punyapornwithaya
author_sort	Orapun Arjkumpa
title	Subdistrict-Level Reproductive Number for Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattle in Northern Thailand
title_short	Subdistrict-Level Reproductive Number for Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattle in Northern Thailand
title_full	Subdistrict-Level Reproductive Number for Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattle in Northern Thailand
title_fullStr	Subdistrict-Level Reproductive Number for Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattle in Northern Thailand
title_full_unstemmed	Subdistrict-Level Reproductive Number for Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattle in Northern Thailand
title_sort	subdistrict-level reproductive number for foot and mouth disease in cattle in northern thailand
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5c4f44ee657241b3bfaa902fd691e069
work_keys_str_mv	AT orapunarjkumpa subdistrictlevelreproductivenumberforfootandmouthdiseaseincattleinnorthernthailand AT catalinapicassorisso subdistrictlevelreproductivenumberforfootandmouthdiseaseincattleinnorthernthailand AT andresperez subdistrictlevelreproductivenumberforfootandmouthdiseaseincattleinnorthernthailand AT veerasakpunyapornwithaya subdistrictlevelreproductivenumberforfootandmouthdiseaseincattleinnorthernthailand AT veerasakpunyapornwithaya subdistrictlevelreproductivenumberforfootandmouthdiseaseincattleinnorthernthailand
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Subdistrict-Level Reproductive Number for Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattle in Northern Thailand

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