Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency accelerates the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.

<h4>Background/objective</h4>Toll-like receptors (TLR) mediate the recognition of microbial constituents and stress-induced endogenous ligands by the immune system. They may also be involved in the maintenance or break down of tolerance against autologous antigens. The aim of our investi...

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Autores principales:	Elke Gülden, Masaru Ihira, Atsushi Ohashi, Anna Lena Reinbeck, Marina A Freudenberg, Hubert Kolb, Volker Burkart
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5c6aea1a33e14d68962e75adc416e65c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5c6aea1a33e14d68962e75adc416e65c2021-11-18T08:54:10ZToll-like receptor 4 deficiency accelerates the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0075385https://doaj.org/article/5c6aea1a33e14d68962e75adc416e65c2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24086519/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background/objective</h4>Toll-like receptors (TLR) mediate the recognition of microbial constituents and stress-induced endogenous ligands by the immune system. They may also be involved in the maintenance or break down of tolerance against autologous antigens. The aim of our investigation was to study the consequence of TLR4 deficiency on the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in the NOD mouse.<h4>Methods</h4>The TLR4 defect of the C57BL/10ScN mouse was backcrossed onto the NOD background and the effect of TLR4 deficiency on diabetes development was analysed by in vivo and in vitro studies.<h4>Results</h4>Compared to animals with wildtype TLR4 expression (TLR4(+/+)), female NOD mice carrying a homozygous TLR4 defect (TLR4(-/-)), showed significant acceleration of diabetes development, with a younger age at diabetes onset (TLR4 (+/+) 177±22 d, TLR(-/-): 118±21 d; p<0.01). Pancreata of 120 d old TLR4(-/-) NOD mice revealed increased proportions of islets with advanced stages of immune cell infiltration compared to TLR4(+/+) mice (p<0.05). TLR4 deficiency did not affect the susceptibility of islet cells to the beta cell damaging mediators nitric oxide or the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta and interferon gamma. The lack of TLR4 further had no effect on the frequency of regulatory T-cells but reduced their capacity to inhibit T-cell proliferation.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our findings demonstrate that TLR4 deficiency results in an acceleration of diabetes development and immune cell infiltration of islets in NOD mice. We conclude that TLR4 is involved in the progression of the insulitis process thereby controlling the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in NOD mice.Elke GüldenMasaru IhiraAtsushi OhashiAnna Lena ReinbeckMarina A FreudenbergHubert KolbVolker BurkartPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 9, p e75385 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Elke Gülden Masaru Ihira Atsushi Ohashi Anna Lena Reinbeck Marina A Freudenberg Hubert Kolb Volker Burkart Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency accelerates the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.
description	<h4>Background/objective</h4>Toll-like receptors (TLR) mediate the recognition of microbial constituents and stress-induced endogenous ligands by the immune system. They may also be involved in the maintenance or break down of tolerance against autologous antigens. The aim of our investigation was to study the consequence of TLR4 deficiency on the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in the NOD mouse.<h4>Methods</h4>The TLR4 defect of the C57BL/10ScN mouse was backcrossed onto the NOD background and the effect of TLR4 deficiency on diabetes development was analysed by in vivo and in vitro studies.<h4>Results</h4>Compared to animals with wildtype TLR4 expression (TLR4(+/+)), female NOD mice carrying a homozygous TLR4 defect (TLR4(-/-)), showed significant acceleration of diabetes development, with a younger age at diabetes onset (TLR4 (+/+) 177±22 d, TLR(-/-): 118±21 d; p<0.01). Pancreata of 120 d old TLR4(-/-) NOD mice revealed increased proportions of islets with advanced stages of immune cell infiltration compared to TLR4(+/+) mice (p<0.05). TLR4 deficiency did not affect the susceptibility of islet cells to the beta cell damaging mediators nitric oxide or the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta and interferon gamma. The lack of TLR4 further had no effect on the frequency of regulatory T-cells but reduced their capacity to inhibit T-cell proliferation.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our findings demonstrate that TLR4 deficiency results in an acceleration of diabetes development and immune cell infiltration of islets in NOD mice. We conclude that TLR4 is involved in the progression of the insulitis process thereby controlling the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in NOD mice.
format	article
author	Elke Gülden Masaru Ihira Atsushi Ohashi Anna Lena Reinbeck Marina A Freudenberg Hubert Kolb Volker Burkart
author_facet	Elke Gülden Masaru Ihira Atsushi Ohashi Anna Lena Reinbeck Marina A Freudenberg Hubert Kolb Volker Burkart
author_sort	Elke Gülden
title	Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency accelerates the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.
title_short	Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency accelerates the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.
title_full	Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency accelerates the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.
title_fullStr	Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency accelerates the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.
title_full_unstemmed	Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency accelerates the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.
title_sort	toll-like receptor 4 deficiency accelerates the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/5c6aea1a33e14d68962e75adc416e65c
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Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency accelerates the development of insulin-deficient diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.

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