Antibody activities in hyperimmune plasma against the Rhodococcus equi virulence -associated protein A or poly-N-acetyl glucosamine are associated with protection of foals against rhodococcal pneumonia.

The efficacy of transfusion with hyperimmune plasma (HIP) for preventing pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi remains ill-defined. Quarter Horse foals at 2 large breeding farms were randomly assigned to be transfused with 2 L of HIP from adult donors hyperimmunized either with R. equi (RE HIP) or a...

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Autores principales:	Susanne K Kahn, Colette Cywes-Bentley, Glenn P Blodgett, Nathan M Canaday, Carly E Turner-Garcia, Mariana Vinacur, Sophia C Cortez-Ramirez, Patrick J Sutter, Sarah C Meyer, Angela I Bordin, Daniel R Vlock, Gerald B Pier, Noah D Cohen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5c9f5f033fbe46f0bf40e651dc78a441
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5c9f5f033fbe46f0bf40e651dc78a4412021-12-02T20:14:54ZAntibody activities in hyperimmune plasma against the Rhodococcus equi virulence -associated protein A or poly-N-acetyl glucosamine are associated with protection of foals against rhodococcal pneumonia.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0250133https://doaj.org/article/5c9f5f033fbe46f0bf40e651dc78a4412021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250133https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The efficacy of transfusion with hyperimmune plasma (HIP) for preventing pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi remains ill-defined. Quarter Horse foals at 2 large breeding farms were randomly assigned to be transfused with 2 L of HIP from adult donors hyperimmunized either with R. equi (RE HIP) or a conjugate vaccine eliciting antibody to the surface polysaccharide β-1→6-poly-N-acetyl glucosamine (PNAG HIP) within 24 hours of birth. Antibody activities against PNAG and the rhodococcal virulence-associated protein A (VapA), and to deposition of complement component 1q (C՛1q) onto PNAG were determined by ELISA, and then associated with either clinical pneumonia at Farm A (n = 119) or subclinical pneumonia at Farm B (n = 114). Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Among RE HIP-transfused foals, the odds of pneumonia were approximately 6-fold higher (P = 0.0005) among foals with VapA antibody activity ≤ the population median. Among PNAG HIP-transfused foals, the odds of pneumonia were approximately 3-fold (P = 0.0347) and 11-fold (P = 0.0034) higher for foals with antibody activities ≤ the population median for PNAG or C՛1q deposition, respectively. Results indicated that levels of activity of antibodies against R. equi antigens are correlates of protection against both subclinical and clinical R. equi pneumonia in field settings. Among PNAG HIP-transfused foals, activity of antibodies with C՛1q deposition (an indicator of functional antibodies) were a stronger predictor of protection than was PNAG antibody activity alone. Collectively, these findings suggest that the amount and activity of antibodies in HIP (i.e., plasma volume and/or antibody activity) is positively associated with protection against R. equi pneumonia in foals.Susanne K KahnColette Cywes-BentleyGlenn P BlodgettNathan M CanadayCarly E Turner-GarciaMariana VinacurSophia C Cortez-RamirezPatrick J SutterSarah C MeyerAngela I BordinDaniel R VlockGerald B PierNoah D CohenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0250133 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Susanne K Kahn Colette Cywes-Bentley Glenn P Blodgett Nathan M Canaday Carly E Turner-Garcia Mariana Vinacur Sophia C Cortez-Ramirez Patrick J Sutter Sarah C Meyer Angela I Bordin Daniel R Vlock Gerald B Pier Noah D Cohen Antibody activities in hyperimmune plasma against the Rhodococcus equi virulence -associated protein A or poly-N-acetyl glucosamine are associated with protection of foals against rhodococcal pneumonia.
description	The efficacy of transfusion with hyperimmune plasma (HIP) for preventing pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi remains ill-defined. Quarter Horse foals at 2 large breeding farms were randomly assigned to be transfused with 2 L of HIP from adult donors hyperimmunized either with R. equi (RE HIP) or a conjugate vaccine eliciting antibody to the surface polysaccharide β-1→6-poly-N-acetyl glucosamine (PNAG HIP) within 24 hours of birth. Antibody activities against PNAG and the rhodococcal virulence-associated protein A (VapA), and to deposition of complement component 1q (C՛1q) onto PNAG were determined by ELISA, and then associated with either clinical pneumonia at Farm A (n = 119) or subclinical pneumonia at Farm B (n = 114). Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Among RE HIP-transfused foals, the odds of pneumonia were approximately 6-fold higher (P = 0.0005) among foals with VapA antibody activity ≤ the population median. Among PNAG HIP-transfused foals, the odds of pneumonia were approximately 3-fold (P = 0.0347) and 11-fold (P = 0.0034) higher for foals with antibody activities ≤ the population median for PNAG or C՛1q deposition, respectively. Results indicated that levels of activity of antibodies against R. equi antigens are correlates of protection against both subclinical and clinical R. equi pneumonia in field settings. Among PNAG HIP-transfused foals, activity of antibodies with C՛1q deposition (an indicator of functional antibodies) were a stronger predictor of protection than was PNAG antibody activity alone. Collectively, these findings suggest that the amount and activity of antibodies in HIP (i.e., plasma volume and/or antibody activity) is positively associated with protection against R. equi pneumonia in foals.
format	article
author	Susanne K Kahn Colette Cywes-Bentley Glenn P Blodgett Nathan M Canaday Carly E Turner-Garcia Mariana Vinacur Sophia C Cortez-Ramirez Patrick J Sutter Sarah C Meyer Angela I Bordin Daniel R Vlock Gerald B Pier Noah D Cohen
author_facet	Susanne K Kahn Colette Cywes-Bentley Glenn P Blodgett Nathan M Canaday Carly E Turner-Garcia Mariana Vinacur Sophia C Cortez-Ramirez Patrick J Sutter Sarah C Meyer Angela I Bordin Daniel R Vlock Gerald B Pier Noah D Cohen
author_sort	Susanne K Kahn
title	Antibody activities in hyperimmune plasma against the Rhodococcus equi virulence -associated protein A or poly-N-acetyl glucosamine are associated with protection of foals against rhodococcal pneumonia.
title_short	Antibody activities in hyperimmune plasma against the Rhodococcus equi virulence -associated protein A or poly-N-acetyl glucosamine are associated with protection of foals against rhodococcal pneumonia.
title_full	Antibody activities in hyperimmune plasma against the Rhodococcus equi virulence -associated protein A or poly-N-acetyl glucosamine are associated with protection of foals against rhodococcal pneumonia.
title_fullStr	Antibody activities in hyperimmune plasma against the Rhodococcus equi virulence -associated protein A or poly-N-acetyl glucosamine are associated with protection of foals against rhodococcal pneumonia.
title_full_unstemmed	Antibody activities in hyperimmune plasma against the Rhodococcus equi virulence -associated protein A or poly-N-acetyl glucosamine are associated with protection of foals against rhodococcal pneumonia.
title_sort	antibody activities in hyperimmune plasma against the rhodococcus equi virulence -associated protein a or poly-n-acetyl glucosamine are associated with protection of foals against rhodococcal pneumonia.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5c9f5f033fbe46f0bf40e651dc78a441
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Antibody activities in hyperimmune plasma against the Rhodococcus equi virulence -associated protein A or poly-N-acetyl glucosamine are associated with protection of foals against rhodococcal pneumonia.

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