Effect of Sodium Treatment on the Performance of Electrostatic Spray Assisted Vapour Deposited Copper-poor Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 Solar Cells

Abstract In our work, eco-friendly, non-vacuum and low cost Electrostatic Spray Assisted Vapour Deposition (ESAVD) method has been used to produce Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) solar cells. Copper (Cu) deficient (Cu/In + Ga = 0.76) CIGS films were designed to avoid the rather dangerous KCN treatment step...

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Autores principales:	Mingqing Wang, Md. Anower Hossain, Kwang-Leong Choy
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5cbf214800eb4beea1c3c75777bf3758
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5cbf214800eb4beea1c3c75777bf37582021-12-02T11:52:35ZEffect of Sodium Treatment on the Performance of Electrostatic Spray Assisted Vapour Deposited Copper-poor Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 Solar Cells10.1038/s41598-017-07027-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/5cbf214800eb4beea1c3c75777bf37582017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07027-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract In our work, eco-friendly, non-vacuum and low cost Electrostatic Spray Assisted Vapour Deposition (ESAVD) method has been used to produce Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) solar cells. Copper (Cu) deficient (Cu/In + Ga = 0.76) CIGS films were designed to avoid the rather dangerous KCN treatment step for the removal of conductive minor phases of Cu2S/Cu2Se. A simple sodium (Na) treatment method was used to modify the morphology and electronic properties of the absorber and it clearly improved the solar cell performance. The SEM and XRD results testified a slightly increase of the grain size and (112) crystal orientation in the Na-incorporated CIGS thin films. From the Mott-schottky results, it can be seen that the functions of the Na treatment in our non-vacuum deposited CIGS are mainly used for defect passivation and reduction of charge recombination. Photovoltaic characteristics and j-V curve demonstrated that the dipping of CIGS films in 0.2 M NaCl solution for 20 minutes followed by selenization at 550 °C under selenium vapor resulted in the optimum photovoltaic performance, with j sc, V oc, FF and η of the optimized solar cell of 29.30 mA cm−2, 0.564 V, 65.59% and 10.83%, respectively.Mingqing WangMd. Anower HossainKwang-Leong ChoyNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mingqing Wang Md. Anower Hossain Kwang-Leong Choy Effect of Sodium Treatment on the Performance of Electrostatic Spray Assisted Vapour Deposited Copper-poor Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 Solar Cells
description	Abstract In our work, eco-friendly, non-vacuum and low cost Electrostatic Spray Assisted Vapour Deposition (ESAVD) method has been used to produce Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) solar cells. Copper (Cu) deficient (Cu/In + Ga = 0.76) CIGS films were designed to avoid the rather dangerous KCN treatment step for the removal of conductive minor phases of Cu2S/Cu2Se. A simple sodium (Na) treatment method was used to modify the morphology and electronic properties of the absorber and it clearly improved the solar cell performance. The SEM and XRD results testified a slightly increase of the grain size and (112) crystal orientation in the Na-incorporated CIGS thin films. From the Mott-schottky results, it can be seen that the functions of the Na treatment in our non-vacuum deposited CIGS are mainly used for defect passivation and reduction of charge recombination. Photovoltaic characteristics and j-V curve demonstrated that the dipping of CIGS films in 0.2 M NaCl solution for 20 minutes followed by selenization at 550 °C under selenium vapor resulted in the optimum photovoltaic performance, with j sc, V oc, FF and η of the optimized solar cell of 29.30 mA cm−2, 0.564 V, 65.59% and 10.83%, respectively.
format	article
author	Mingqing Wang Md. Anower Hossain Kwang-Leong Choy
author_facet	Mingqing Wang Md. Anower Hossain Kwang-Leong Choy
author_sort	Mingqing Wang
title	Effect of Sodium Treatment on the Performance of Electrostatic Spray Assisted Vapour Deposited Copper-poor Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 Solar Cells
title_short	Effect of Sodium Treatment on the Performance of Electrostatic Spray Assisted Vapour Deposited Copper-poor Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 Solar Cells
title_full	Effect of Sodium Treatment on the Performance of Electrostatic Spray Assisted Vapour Deposited Copper-poor Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 Solar Cells
title_fullStr	Effect of Sodium Treatment on the Performance of Electrostatic Spray Assisted Vapour Deposited Copper-poor Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 Solar Cells
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of Sodium Treatment on the Performance of Electrostatic Spray Assisted Vapour Deposited Copper-poor Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 Solar Cells
title_sort	effect of sodium treatment on the performance of electrostatic spray assisted vapour deposited copper-poor cu(in,ga)(s,se) 2 solar cells
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/5cbf214800eb4beea1c3c75777bf3758
work_keys_str_mv	AT mingqingwang effectofsodiumtreatmentontheperformanceofelectrostaticsprayassistedvapourdepositedcopperpoorcuingasse2solarcells AT mdanowerhossain effectofsodiumtreatmentontheperformanceofelectrostaticsprayassistedvapourdepositedcopperpoorcuingasse2solarcells AT kwangleongchoy effectofsodiumtreatmentontheperformanceofelectrostaticsprayassistedvapourdepositedcopperpoorcuingasse2solarcells
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Effect of Sodium Treatment on the Performance of Electrostatic Spray Assisted Vapour Deposited Copper-poor Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 Solar Cells

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