Prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obesity, overweight, and normal weight and the associated risk factors in a southern coastal region, Iran (the PERSIAN cohort study): a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Obesity is a substantial risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Epidemiologic studies have shown that some obese and overweight individuals are metabolically healthy. We aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO), metabolically unhe...

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Autores principales:	Ghazal Zoghi, Roghayeh Shahbazi, Masoumeh Mahmoodi, Azim Nejatizadeh, Masoumeh Kheirandish
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Metabolic health Obesity Prevalence Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN) Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5cf100e186d24389b51843f95e9026fe
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5cf100e186d24389b51843f95e9026fe2021-11-08T10:44:14ZPrevalence of metabolically unhealthy obesity, overweight, and normal weight and the associated risk factors in a southern coastal region, Iran (the PERSIAN cohort study): a cross-sectional study10.1186/s12889-021-12107-71471-2458https://doaj.org/article/5cf100e186d24389b51843f95e9026fe2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12107-7https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2458Abstract Background Obesity is a substantial risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Epidemiologic studies have shown that some obese and overweight individuals are metabolically healthy. We aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO), metabolically unhealthy overweight (MUOW), and metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW) in a southern coastal area of Iran, Bandare-Kong Non-Communicable Diseases (BKNCD) Cohort Study. Methods This population-based study included the participants of BKNCD, as part of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN). Metabolic health was defined as not fulfilling the metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria. Results Among the 3917 participants in this study with the mean age of 48.29 ± 9.39 years, including 1691 (43.2%) males, the age- and sex-standardized prevalence of MUO, MUOW, and MUNW was 13.9, 16.8, and 6.4%, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the adjusted odds of all metabolically unhealthy states were higher in older age groups, except for MUO whose adjusted odds were lower in the 65–70 age group compared to the 55–64 age group. Illiteracy was significantly correlated with MUOW (adjusted OR: 1.43, 95% CI 1.09–1.87, P = 0.010); however, it was not associated with MUO or MUNW. Higher body mass index (BMI) was significantly correlated with MUNW but it was not associated with MUOW or MUO. Higher waist circumference (WC) was also significantly associated with all metabolically unhealthy states. Conclusion The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of MUO, MUOW, and MUNW was 13.9, 16.8, and 6.4%, respectively in the current study. Advanced age and higher WC were significantly correlated with all metabolically unhealthy states, while illiteracy and higher BMI were only associated with MUOW and MUNW, respectively. Metabolic health rather than weight loss should be the focus and objective of public prevention programs.Ghazal ZoghiRoghayeh ShahbaziMasoumeh MahmoodiAzim NejatizadehMasoumeh KheirandishBMCarticleMetabolic healthObesityPrevalenceProspective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN)Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENBMC Public Health, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Metabolic health Obesity Prevalence Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN) Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Metabolic health Obesity Prevalence Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN) Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Ghazal Zoghi Roghayeh Shahbazi Masoumeh Mahmoodi Azim Nejatizadeh Masoumeh Kheirandish Prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obesity, overweight, and normal weight and the associated risk factors in a southern coastal region, Iran (the PERSIAN cohort study): a cross-sectional study
description	Abstract Background Obesity is a substantial risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Epidemiologic studies have shown that some obese and overweight individuals are metabolically healthy. We aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO), metabolically unhealthy overweight (MUOW), and metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW) in a southern coastal area of Iran, Bandare-Kong Non-Communicable Diseases (BKNCD) Cohort Study. Methods This population-based study included the participants of BKNCD, as part of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN). Metabolic health was defined as not fulfilling the metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria. Results Among the 3917 participants in this study with the mean age of 48.29 ± 9.39 years, including 1691 (43.2%) males, the age- and sex-standardized prevalence of MUO, MUOW, and MUNW was 13.9, 16.8, and 6.4%, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the adjusted odds of all metabolically unhealthy states were higher in older age groups, except for MUO whose adjusted odds were lower in the 65–70 age group compared to the 55–64 age group. Illiteracy was significantly correlated with MUOW (adjusted OR: 1.43, 95% CI 1.09–1.87, P = 0.010); however, it was not associated with MUO or MUNW. Higher body mass index (BMI) was significantly correlated with MUNW but it was not associated with MUOW or MUO. Higher waist circumference (WC) was also significantly associated with all metabolically unhealthy states. Conclusion The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of MUO, MUOW, and MUNW was 13.9, 16.8, and 6.4%, respectively in the current study. Advanced age and higher WC were significantly correlated with all metabolically unhealthy states, while illiteracy and higher BMI were only associated with MUOW and MUNW, respectively. Metabolic health rather than weight loss should be the focus and objective of public prevention programs.
format	article
author	Ghazal Zoghi Roghayeh Shahbazi Masoumeh Mahmoodi Azim Nejatizadeh Masoumeh Kheirandish
author_facet	Ghazal Zoghi Roghayeh Shahbazi Masoumeh Mahmoodi Azim Nejatizadeh Masoumeh Kheirandish
author_sort	Ghazal Zoghi
title	Prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obesity, overweight, and normal weight and the associated risk factors in a southern coastal region, Iran (the PERSIAN cohort study): a cross-sectional study
title_short	Prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obesity, overweight, and normal weight and the associated risk factors in a southern coastal region, Iran (the PERSIAN cohort study): a cross-sectional study
title_full	Prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obesity, overweight, and normal weight and the associated risk factors in a southern coastal region, Iran (the PERSIAN cohort study): a cross-sectional study
title_fullStr	Prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obesity, overweight, and normal weight and the associated risk factors in a southern coastal region, Iran (the PERSIAN cohort study): a cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed	Prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obesity, overweight, and normal weight and the associated risk factors in a southern coastal region, Iran (the PERSIAN cohort study): a cross-sectional study
title_sort	prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obesity, overweight, and normal weight and the associated risk factors in a southern coastal region, iran (the persian cohort study): a cross-sectional study
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5cf100e186d24389b51843f95e9026fe
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Prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obesity, overweight, and normal weight and the associated risk factors in a southern coastal region, Iran (the PERSIAN cohort study): a cross-sectional study

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