Recent developments in the management of dry age-related macular degeneration

Elisa Buschini, Antonio M Fea, Carlo A Lavia, Marco Nassisi, Giulia Pignata, Marta Zola, Federico M Grignolo Ospedale Oftalmico, Ophthalmic Section, Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy Abstract: Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), also called geograph...

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Autores principales:	Buschini E, Fea AM, Lavia CA, Nassisi M, Pignata G, Zola M, Grignolo FM
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2015
Materias:	Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5d89866c30234deea5e60c01fb099eaa
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5d89866c30234deea5e60c01fb099eaa2021-12-02T04:32:09ZRecent developments in the management of dry age-related macular degeneration1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/5d89866c30234deea5e60c01fb099eaa2015-04-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/recent-developments-in-the-management-of-dry-age-related-macular-degen-peer-reviewed-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483 Elisa Buschini, Antonio M Fea, Carlo A Lavia, Marco Nassisi, Giulia Pignata, Marta Zola, Federico M Grignolo Ospedale Oftalmico, Ophthalmic Section, Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy Abstract: Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), also called geographic atrophy, is characterized by the atrophy of outer retinal layers and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Dry AMD accounts for 80% of all intermediate and advanced forms of the disease. Although vision loss is mainly due to the neovascular form (75%), dry AMD remains a challenge for ophthalmologists because of the lack of effective therapies. Actual management consists of lifestyle modification, vitamin supplements, and supportive measures in the advanced stages. The Age-Related Eye Disease Study demonstrated a statistically significant protective effect of dietary supplementation of antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, zinc, and copper) on dry AMD progression rate. It was also stated that the consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, has protective effects. Other antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals (such as crocetin, curcumin, and vitamins B9, B12, and B6) are under evaluation, but the results are still uncertain. New strategies aim to 1) reduce or block drusen formation, 2) reduce or eliminate inflammation, 3) lower the accumulation of toxic by-products from the visual cycle, 4) reduce or eliminate retinal oxidative stress, 5) improve choroidal perfusion, 6) replace/repair or regenerate lost RPE cells and photoreceptors with stem cell therapy, and 7) develop a target gene therapy. Keywords: dry AMD, geographic atrophy, new AMD therapyBuschini EFea AMLavia CANassisi MPignata GZola MGrignolo FMDove Medical PressarticleOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2015, Iss default, Pp 563-574 (2015)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	Ophthalmology RE1-994 Buschini E Fea AM Lavia CA Nassisi M Pignata G Zola M Grignolo FM Recent developments in the management of dry age-related macular degeneration
description	Elisa Buschini, Antonio M Fea, Carlo A Lavia, Marco Nassisi, Giulia Pignata, Marta Zola, Federico M Grignolo Ospedale Oftalmico, Ophthalmic Section, Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy Abstract: Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), also called geographic atrophy, is characterized by the atrophy of outer retinal layers and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Dry AMD accounts for 80% of all intermediate and advanced forms of the disease. Although vision loss is mainly due to the neovascular form (75%), dry AMD remains a challenge for ophthalmologists because of the lack of effective therapies. Actual management consists of lifestyle modification, vitamin supplements, and supportive measures in the advanced stages. The Age-Related Eye Disease Study demonstrated a statistically significant protective effect of dietary supplementation of antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, zinc, and copper) on dry AMD progression rate. It was also stated that the consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, has protective effects. Other antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals (such as crocetin, curcumin, and vitamins B9, B12, and B6) are under evaluation, but the results are still uncertain. New strategies aim to 1) reduce or block drusen formation, 2) reduce or eliminate inflammation, 3) lower the accumulation of toxic by-products from the visual cycle, 4) reduce or eliminate retinal oxidative stress, 5) improve choroidal perfusion, 6) replace/repair or regenerate lost RPE cells and photoreceptors with stem cell therapy, and 7) develop a target gene therapy. Keywords: dry AMD, geographic atrophy, new AMD therapy
format	article
author	Buschini E Fea AM Lavia CA Nassisi M Pignata G Zola M Grignolo FM
author_facet	Buschini E Fea AM Lavia CA Nassisi M Pignata G Zola M Grignolo FM
author_sort	Buschini E
title	Recent developments in the management of dry age-related macular degeneration
title_short	Recent developments in the management of dry age-related macular degeneration
title_full	Recent developments in the management of dry age-related macular degeneration
title_fullStr	Recent developments in the management of dry age-related macular degeneration
title_full_unstemmed	Recent developments in the management of dry age-related macular degeneration
title_sort	recent developments in the management of dry age-related macular degeneration
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2015
url	https://doaj.org/article/5d89866c30234deea5e60c01fb099eaa
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Recent developments in the management of dry age-related macular degeneration

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