Annealing Effect on the Contact Angle, Surface Energy, Electric Property, and Nanomechanical Characteristics of Co40Fe40W20 Thin Films

This study investigated Co40Fe40W20 single-layer thin films according to their corresponding structure, grain size, contact angle, and surface energy characteristics. Co40Fe40W<sub&g...

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Autores principales:	Wen-Jen Liu, Yung-Huang Chang, Chi-Lon Fern, Yuan-Tsung Chen, Tian-Yi Jhou, Po-Chun Chiu, Shih-Hung Lin, Ko-Wei Lin, Te-Ho Wu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	annealed Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) X-ray diffraction (XRD) contact angle surface energy nanomechanical properties Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5d902e7312c64419abedd9877f54b544
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5d902e7312c64419abedd9877f54b5442021-11-25T17:15:25ZAnnealing Effect on the Contact Angle, Surface Energy, Electric Property, and Nanomechanical Characteristics of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> Thin Films10.3390/coatings111112682079-6412https://doaj.org/article/5d902e7312c64419abedd9877f54b5442021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/11/11/1268https://doaj.org/toc/2079-6412This study investigated Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> single-layer thin films according to their corresponding structure, grain size, contact angle, and surface energy characteristics. Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> alloy thin films of different thicknesses, ranging from 10 to 50 nm, were sputtered on Si(100) substrates by DC magnetron sputtering. The thin films were annealed under three conditions: as-deposited, 250 °C, and 350 °C temperatures, respectively. The Scherrer equation was applied to calculate the grain size of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films. The results show that the grain size of CoFe(110) increased simultaneously with the increase of post-annealing temperature, suggesting that the crystallinity of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films increased with the post-annealing temperature. Moreover, the contact angles of all Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films were all less than 90°, suggesting that Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films show changes in the direction of higher hydrophilicity. However, we found that their contact angles decreased as the grain size of CoFe increased. Finally, the Young equation was applied to calculate the surface energy of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films. After post-annealing, the surface energy of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films increased with the rising post-annealing temperature. This is the highest value of surface energy observed for 350 °C. In addition, the surface energy increased as the contact angle of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films decreased. The high surface energy means stronger adhesion, allowing the formation of multilayer thin films with magnetic tunneling junctions (MTJs). The sheet resistance of the as-deposited and thinner CoFeW films is larger than annealed and thicker CoFeW films. When the thickness is from 10 nm to 50 nm, the hardness and Young’s modulus of the CoFeW film also show a saturation trend.Wen-Jen LiuYung-Huang ChangChi-Lon FernYuan-Tsung ChenTian-Yi JhouPo-Chun ChiuShih-Hung LinKo-Wei LinTe-Ho WuMDPI AGarticleannealed Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin filmsmagnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs)X-ray diffraction (XRD)contact anglesurface energynanomechanical propertiesEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040ENCoatings, Vol 11, Iss 1268, p 1268 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	annealed Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) X-ray diffraction (XRD) contact angle surface energy nanomechanical properties Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040
spellingShingle	annealed Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) X-ray diffraction (XRD) contact angle surface energy nanomechanical properties Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Wen-Jen Liu Yung-Huang Chang Chi-Lon Fern Yuan-Tsung Chen Tian-Yi Jhou Po-Chun Chiu Shih-Hung Lin Ko-Wei Lin Te-Ho Wu Annealing Effect on the Contact Angle, Surface Energy, Electric Property, and Nanomechanical Characteristics of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> Thin Films
description	This study investigated Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> single-layer thin films according to their corresponding structure, grain size, contact angle, and surface energy characteristics. Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> alloy thin films of different thicknesses, ranging from 10 to 50 nm, were sputtered on Si(100) substrates by DC magnetron sputtering. The thin films were annealed under three conditions: as-deposited, 250 °C, and 350 °C temperatures, respectively. The Scherrer equation was applied to calculate the grain size of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films. The results show that the grain size of CoFe(110) increased simultaneously with the increase of post-annealing temperature, suggesting that the crystallinity of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films increased with the post-annealing temperature. Moreover, the contact angles of all Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films were all less than 90°, suggesting that Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films show changes in the direction of higher hydrophilicity. However, we found that their contact angles decreased as the grain size of CoFe increased. Finally, the Young equation was applied to calculate the surface energy of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films. After post-annealing, the surface energy of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films increased with the rising post-annealing temperature. This is the highest value of surface energy observed for 350 °C. In addition, the surface energy increased as the contact angle of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> thin films decreased. The high surface energy means stronger adhesion, allowing the formation of multilayer thin films with magnetic tunneling junctions (MTJs). The sheet resistance of the as-deposited and thinner CoFeW films is larger than annealed and thicker CoFeW films. When the thickness is from 10 nm to 50 nm, the hardness and Young’s modulus of the CoFeW film also show a saturation trend.
format	article
author	Wen-Jen Liu Yung-Huang Chang Chi-Lon Fern Yuan-Tsung Chen Tian-Yi Jhou Po-Chun Chiu Shih-Hung Lin Ko-Wei Lin Te-Ho Wu
author_facet	Wen-Jen Liu Yung-Huang Chang Chi-Lon Fern Yuan-Tsung Chen Tian-Yi Jhou Po-Chun Chiu Shih-Hung Lin Ko-Wei Lin Te-Ho Wu
author_sort	Wen-Jen Liu
title	Annealing Effect on the Contact Angle, Surface Energy, Electric Property, and Nanomechanical Characteristics of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> Thin Films
title_short	Annealing Effect on the Contact Angle, Surface Energy, Electric Property, and Nanomechanical Characteristics of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> Thin Films
title_full	Annealing Effect on the Contact Angle, Surface Energy, Electric Property, and Nanomechanical Characteristics of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> Thin Films
title_fullStr	Annealing Effect on the Contact Angle, Surface Energy, Electric Property, and Nanomechanical Characteristics of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> Thin Films
title_full_unstemmed	Annealing Effect on the Contact Angle, Surface Energy, Electric Property, and Nanomechanical Characteristics of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> Thin Films
title_sort	annealing effect on the contact angle, surface energy, electric property, and nanomechanical characteristics of co<sub>40</sub>fe<sub>40</sub>w<sub>20</sub> thin films
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5d902e7312c64419abedd9877f54b544
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_version_	1718412590090027008

Annealing Effect on the Contact Angle, Surface Energy, Electric Property, and Nanomechanical Characteristics of Co<sub>40</sub>Fe<sub>40</sub>W<sub>20</sub> Thin Films

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