Non-Targeted Metabolite Profiling Reveals Host Metabolomic Reprogramming during the Interaction of Black Pepper with Phytophthora capsici

Phytophthora capsici is one of the most destructive pathogens causing quick wilt (foot rot) disease in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) to which no effective resistance has been defined. To better understand the P. nigrum–P. capsici<...

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Autores principales:	Divya Kattupalli, Artur Pinski, Sweda Sreekumar, Aswathi Usha, Aiswarya Girija, Manfred Beckmann, Luis Alejandro Jose Mur, Soniya Eppurathu Vasudevan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Piper nigrum</i> quick wilt metabolomics abscisic acid salicylic acid jasmonic acid Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5da11bd2be2e4207b6ff795a220d8a0c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5da11bd2be2e4207b6ff795a220d8a0c2021-11-11T16:54:02ZNon-Targeted Metabolite Profiling Reveals Host Metabolomic Reprogramming during the Interaction of Black Pepper with <i>Phytophthora capsici</i>10.3390/ijms2221114331422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/5da11bd2be2e4207b6ff795a220d8a0c2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11433https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067<i>Phytophthora capsici</i> is one of the most destructive pathogens causing quick wilt (foot rot) disease in black pepper (<i>Piper nigrum</i> L.) to which no effective resistance has been defined. To better understand the <i>P. nigrum</i>–<i>P. capsici</i> pathosystem, we employed metabolomic approaches based on flow-infusion electrospray–high-resolution mass spectrometry. Changes in the leaf metabolome were assessed in infected and systemic tissues at 24 and 48 hpi. Principal Component Analysis of the derived data indicated that the infected leaves showed a rapid metabolic response by 24 hpi whereas the systemic leaves took 48 hpi to respond to the infection. The major sources of variations between infected leaf and systemic leaf were identified, and enrichment pathway analysis indicated, major shifts in amino acid, tricarboxylic acid cycle, nucleotide and vitamin B6 metabolism upon infection. Moreover, the individual metabolites involved in defensive phytohormone signalling were identified. RT-qPCR analysis of key salicylate and jasmonate biosynthetic genes indicated a transient reduction of expression at 24 hpi but this increased subsequently. Exogenous application of jasmonate and salicylate reduced <i>P. capsici</i> disease symptoms, but this effect was suppressed with the co-application of abscisic acid. The results are consistent with abscisic acid reprogramming, salicylate and jasmonate defences in infected leaves to facilitate the formation of disease. The augmentation of salicylate and jasmonate defences could represent an approach through which quick wilt disease could be controlled in black pepper.Divya KattupalliArtur PinskiSweda SreekumarAswathi UshaAiswarya GirijaManfred BeckmannLuis Alejandro Jose MurSoniya Eppurathu VasudevanMDPI AGarticle<i>Piper nigrum</i>quick wiltmetabolomicsabscisic acidsalicylic acidjasmonic acidBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11433, p 11433 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Piper nigrum</i> quick wilt metabolomics abscisic acid salicylic acid jasmonic acid Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	<i>Piper nigrum</i> quick wilt metabolomics abscisic acid salicylic acid jasmonic acid Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Divya Kattupalli Artur Pinski Sweda Sreekumar Aswathi Usha Aiswarya Girija Manfred Beckmann Luis Alejandro Jose Mur Soniya Eppurathu Vasudevan Non-Targeted Metabolite Profiling Reveals Host Metabolomic Reprogramming during the Interaction of Black Pepper with <i>Phytophthora capsici</i>
description	<i>Phytophthora capsici</i> is one of the most destructive pathogens causing quick wilt (foot rot) disease in black pepper (<i>Piper nigrum</i> L.) to which no effective resistance has been defined. To better understand the <i>P. nigrum</i>–<i>P. capsici</i> pathosystem, we employed metabolomic approaches based on flow-infusion electrospray–high-resolution mass spectrometry. Changes in the leaf metabolome were assessed in infected and systemic tissues at 24 and 48 hpi. Principal Component Analysis of the derived data indicated that the infected leaves showed a rapid metabolic response by 24 hpi whereas the systemic leaves took 48 hpi to respond to the infection. The major sources of variations between infected leaf and systemic leaf were identified, and enrichment pathway analysis indicated, major shifts in amino acid, tricarboxylic acid cycle, nucleotide and vitamin B6 metabolism upon infection. Moreover, the individual metabolites involved in defensive phytohormone signalling were identified. RT-qPCR analysis of key salicylate and jasmonate biosynthetic genes indicated a transient reduction of expression at 24 hpi but this increased subsequently. Exogenous application of jasmonate and salicylate reduced <i>P. capsici</i> disease symptoms, but this effect was suppressed with the co-application of abscisic acid. The results are consistent with abscisic acid reprogramming, salicylate and jasmonate defences in infected leaves to facilitate the formation of disease. The augmentation of salicylate and jasmonate defences could represent an approach through which quick wilt disease could be controlled in black pepper.
format	article
author	Divya Kattupalli Artur Pinski Sweda Sreekumar Aswathi Usha Aiswarya Girija Manfred Beckmann Luis Alejandro Jose Mur Soniya Eppurathu Vasudevan
author_facet	Divya Kattupalli Artur Pinski Sweda Sreekumar Aswathi Usha Aiswarya Girija Manfred Beckmann Luis Alejandro Jose Mur Soniya Eppurathu Vasudevan
author_sort	Divya Kattupalli
title	Non-Targeted Metabolite Profiling Reveals Host Metabolomic Reprogramming during the Interaction of Black Pepper with <i>Phytophthora capsici</i>
title_short	Non-Targeted Metabolite Profiling Reveals Host Metabolomic Reprogramming during the Interaction of Black Pepper with <i>Phytophthora capsici</i>
title_full	Non-Targeted Metabolite Profiling Reveals Host Metabolomic Reprogramming during the Interaction of Black Pepper with <i>Phytophthora capsici</i>
title_fullStr	Non-Targeted Metabolite Profiling Reveals Host Metabolomic Reprogramming during the Interaction of Black Pepper with <i>Phytophthora capsici</i>
title_full_unstemmed	Non-Targeted Metabolite Profiling Reveals Host Metabolomic Reprogramming during the Interaction of Black Pepper with <i>Phytophthora capsici</i>
title_sort	non-targeted metabolite profiling reveals host metabolomic reprogramming during the interaction of black pepper with <i>phytophthora capsici</i>
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5da11bd2be2e4207b6ff795a220d8a0c
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Non-Targeted Metabolite Profiling Reveals Host Metabolomic Reprogramming during the Interaction of Black Pepper with <i>Phytophthora capsici</i>

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