Plasma extracellular vesicles in people living with HIV and type 2 diabetes are related to microbial translocation and cardiovascular risk
Abstract HIV and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are both associated with gut microbiota alterations, low-grade endotoxemia and increased cardiovascular risk. We investigated the potential role of plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) in relation to these processes. Plasma EVs were isolated by size exclusion ch...
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Nature Portfolio
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:5dc77ae92990408783ee31665f79ebc92021-11-14T12:17:51ZPlasma extracellular vesicles in people living with HIV and type 2 diabetes are related to microbial translocation and cardiovascular risk10.1038/s41598-021-01334-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/5dc77ae92990408783ee31665f79ebc92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01334-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract HIV and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are both associated with gut microbiota alterations, low-grade endotoxemia and increased cardiovascular risk. We investigated the potential role of plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) in relation to these processes. Plasma EVs were isolated by size exclusion chromatography in fasting individuals with HIV and T2D (n = 16), T2D only (n = 14), HIV only (n = 20) or healthy controls (n = 19), and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, western blot, nanoparticle tracking analysis and quantitative proteomics. The findings were compared to gut microbiota alterations, lipopolysaccharide levels and cardiovascular risk profile. Individuals with concomitant HIV and T2D had higher plasma EV concentration, which correlated closely with plasma lipopolysaccharides, triglycerides and Framingham score, but not with gut microbiota alterations. Proteomic analyses identified 558 human proteins, largely related to cardiometabolic disease genes and upstream regulation of inflammatory pathways, including IL-6 and IL-1β, as well as 30 bacterial proteins, mostly from lipopolysaccharide-producing Proteobacteria. Our study supports that EVs are related to microbial translocation processes in individuals with HIV and T2D. Their proteomic content suggests a contributing role in low-grade inflammation and cardiovascular risk development. The present approach for exploring gut-host crosstalk can potentially identify novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.Beate VestadTuula A. NymanMalene Hove-SkovsgaardMaria StenslandHedda HoelAnne-Marie Siebke TrøseidTrude AspelinHans Christian D. AassMaija PuhkaJohannes R. HovSusanne Dam NielsenReidun ØvstebøMarius TrøseidNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021) |
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Medicine R Science Q Beate Vestad Tuula A. Nyman Malene Hove-Skovsgaard Maria Stensland Hedda Hoel Anne-Marie Siebke Trøseid Trude Aspelin Hans Christian D. Aass Maija Puhka Johannes R. Hov Susanne Dam Nielsen Reidun Øvstebø Marius Trøseid Plasma extracellular vesicles in people living with HIV and type 2 diabetes are related to microbial translocation and cardiovascular risk |
| description |
Abstract HIV and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are both associated with gut microbiota alterations, low-grade endotoxemia and increased cardiovascular risk. We investigated the potential role of plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) in relation to these processes. Plasma EVs were isolated by size exclusion chromatography in fasting individuals with HIV and T2D (n = 16), T2D only (n = 14), HIV only (n = 20) or healthy controls (n = 19), and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, western blot, nanoparticle tracking analysis and quantitative proteomics. The findings were compared to gut microbiota alterations, lipopolysaccharide levels and cardiovascular risk profile. Individuals with concomitant HIV and T2D had higher plasma EV concentration, which correlated closely with plasma lipopolysaccharides, triglycerides and Framingham score, but not with gut microbiota alterations. Proteomic analyses identified 558 human proteins, largely related to cardiometabolic disease genes and upstream regulation of inflammatory pathways, including IL-6 and IL-1β, as well as 30 bacterial proteins, mostly from lipopolysaccharide-producing Proteobacteria. Our study supports that EVs are related to microbial translocation processes in individuals with HIV and T2D. Their proteomic content suggests a contributing role in low-grade inflammation and cardiovascular risk development. The present approach for exploring gut-host crosstalk can potentially identify novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Beate Vestad Tuula A. Nyman Malene Hove-Skovsgaard Maria Stensland Hedda Hoel Anne-Marie Siebke Trøseid Trude Aspelin Hans Christian D. Aass Maija Puhka Johannes R. Hov Susanne Dam Nielsen Reidun Øvstebø Marius Trøseid |
| author_facet |
Beate Vestad Tuula A. Nyman Malene Hove-Skovsgaard Maria Stensland Hedda Hoel Anne-Marie Siebke Trøseid Trude Aspelin Hans Christian D. Aass Maija Puhka Johannes R. Hov Susanne Dam Nielsen Reidun Øvstebø Marius Trøseid |
| author_sort |
Beate Vestad |
| title |
Plasma extracellular vesicles in people living with HIV and type 2 diabetes are related to microbial translocation and cardiovascular risk |
| title_short |
Plasma extracellular vesicles in people living with HIV and type 2 diabetes are related to microbial translocation and cardiovascular risk |
| title_full |
Plasma extracellular vesicles in people living with HIV and type 2 diabetes are related to microbial translocation and cardiovascular risk |
| title_fullStr |
Plasma extracellular vesicles in people living with HIV and type 2 diabetes are related to microbial translocation and cardiovascular risk |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Plasma extracellular vesicles in people living with HIV and type 2 diabetes are related to microbial translocation and cardiovascular risk |
| title_sort |
plasma extracellular vesicles in people living with hiv and type 2 diabetes are related to microbial translocation and cardiovascular risk |
| publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/5dc77ae92990408783ee31665f79ebc9 |
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