Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) Mitigates the Decline in Grain Filling of Basmati 370 Due to Low Temperature in Tropical Highlands

In the rice growing area of Kenya’s highlands, the development of a water-saving rice cultivation system is a key strategy because the shortage of irrigation water is a frequently occurring problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) on the...

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Autores principales:	Takahiro Kakehashi, Mayumi Kikuta, Daniel Makori Menge, Emily Waringa Gichuhi, Hiroaki Samejima, Daigo Makihara
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	alternate wetting and drying (AWD) continuous flooding grain filling low minimum temperature rice tropical highlands Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5dd35daa059544f7aee4ad8a013264fc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5dd35daa059544f7aee4ad8a013264fc2021-11-25T16:12:16ZAlternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) Mitigates the Decline in Grain Filling of Basmati 370 Due to Low Temperature in Tropical Highlands10.3390/agronomy111123452073-4395https://doaj.org/article/5dd35daa059544f7aee4ad8a013264fc2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2345https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395In the rice growing area of Kenya’s highlands, the development of a water-saving rice cultivation system is a key strategy because the shortage of irrigation water is a frequently occurring problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) on the growth and yield of rice under the unique cultivation environment of tropical highlands. Field experiments were performed over a period of four years (2014–2017) in a paddy field. Dry matter production of a lowland variety, Basmati 370, was greater under continuous flooding (CF) than under AWD. In years with low minimum temperature (less than 15 °C) during the reproductive and ripening stages, filled grain ratios were significantly higher under AWD than under CF. Accordingly, higher dry matter production under CF did not contribute to grain yield. In the years when rice was not exposed to low minimum temperature during the reproductive and ripening stages, filled grain ratio did not decrease even under CF. Therefore, there was no difference between filled grain ratio under AWD and CF. Our results indicated that AWD could mitigate the decline in grain filling, induced by low minimum temperature during the reproductive and ripening stages in Basmati 370, under the cultivation conditions in tropical highlands. Although AWD may reduce the above-ground biomass, its mitigation effect on grain filling could outweigh this drawback and can still be beneficial to rice farmers in the tropical highlands.Takahiro KakehashiMayumi KikutaDaniel Makori MengeEmily Waringa GichuhiHiroaki SamejimaDaigo MakiharaMDPI AGarticlealternate wetting and drying (AWD)continuous floodinggrain fillinglow minimum temperaturericetropical highlandsAgricultureSENAgronomy, Vol 11, Iss 2345, p 2345 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	alternate wetting and drying (AWD) continuous flooding grain filling low minimum temperature rice tropical highlands Agriculture S
spellingShingle	alternate wetting and drying (AWD) continuous flooding grain filling low minimum temperature rice tropical highlands Agriculture S Takahiro Kakehashi Mayumi Kikuta Daniel Makori Menge Emily Waringa Gichuhi Hiroaki Samejima Daigo Makihara Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) Mitigates the Decline in Grain Filling of Basmati 370 Due to Low Temperature in Tropical Highlands
description	In the rice growing area of Kenya’s highlands, the development of a water-saving rice cultivation system is a key strategy because the shortage of irrigation water is a frequently occurring problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) on the growth and yield of rice under the unique cultivation environment of tropical highlands. Field experiments were performed over a period of four years (2014–2017) in a paddy field. Dry matter production of a lowland variety, Basmati 370, was greater under continuous flooding (CF) than under AWD. In years with low minimum temperature (less than 15 °C) during the reproductive and ripening stages, filled grain ratios were significantly higher under AWD than under CF. Accordingly, higher dry matter production under CF did not contribute to grain yield. In the years when rice was not exposed to low minimum temperature during the reproductive and ripening stages, filled grain ratio did not decrease even under CF. Therefore, there was no difference between filled grain ratio under AWD and CF. Our results indicated that AWD could mitigate the decline in grain filling, induced by low minimum temperature during the reproductive and ripening stages in Basmati 370, under the cultivation conditions in tropical highlands. Although AWD may reduce the above-ground biomass, its mitigation effect on grain filling could outweigh this drawback and can still be beneficial to rice farmers in the tropical highlands.
format	article
author	Takahiro Kakehashi Mayumi Kikuta Daniel Makori Menge Emily Waringa Gichuhi Hiroaki Samejima Daigo Makihara
author_facet	Takahiro Kakehashi Mayumi Kikuta Daniel Makori Menge Emily Waringa Gichuhi Hiroaki Samejima Daigo Makihara
author_sort	Takahiro Kakehashi
title	Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) Mitigates the Decline in Grain Filling of Basmati 370 Due to Low Temperature in Tropical Highlands
title_short	Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) Mitigates the Decline in Grain Filling of Basmati 370 Due to Low Temperature in Tropical Highlands
title_full	Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) Mitigates the Decline in Grain Filling of Basmati 370 Due to Low Temperature in Tropical Highlands
title_fullStr	Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) Mitigates the Decline in Grain Filling of Basmati 370 Due to Low Temperature in Tropical Highlands
title_full_unstemmed	Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) Mitigates the Decline in Grain Filling of Basmati 370 Due to Low Temperature in Tropical Highlands
title_sort	alternate wetting and drying (awd) mitigates the decline in grain filling of basmati 370 due to low temperature in tropical highlands
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5dd35daa059544f7aee4ad8a013264fc
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Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) Mitigates the Decline in Grain Filling of Basmati 370 Due to Low Temperature in Tropical Highlands

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