Shewanella spp. genomic evolution for a cold marine lifestyle and in-situ explosive biodegradation.

Shewanella halifaxensis and Shewanella sediminis were among a few aquatic gamma-proteobacteria that were psychrophiles and the first anaerobic bacteria that degraded hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX). Although many mesophilic or psychrophilic strains of Shewanella and gamma-proteobacteri...

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Autores principales:	Jian-Shen Zhao, Yinghai Deng, Dominic Manno, Jalal Hawari
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5dedf1a546804e13a339299538b49c4e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5dedf1a546804e13a339299538b49c4e2021-11-25T06:26:01ZShewanella spp. genomic evolution for a cold marine lifestyle and in-situ explosive biodegradation.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0009109https://doaj.org/article/5dedf1a546804e13a339299538b49c4e2010-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20174598/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Shewanella halifaxensis and Shewanella sediminis were among a few aquatic gamma-proteobacteria that were psychrophiles and the first anaerobic bacteria that degraded hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX). Although many mesophilic or psychrophilic strains of Shewanella and gamma-proteobacteria were sequenced for their genomes, the genomic evolution pathways for temperature adaptation were poorly understood. On the other hand, the genes responsible for anaerobic RDX mineralization pathways remain unknown. To determine the unique genomic properties of bacteria responsible for both cold-adaptation and RDX degradation, the genomes of S. halifaxensis and S. sediminis were sequenced and compared with 108 other gamma-proteobacteria including Shewanella that differ in temperature and Na+ requirements, as well as RDX degradation capability. Results showed that for coping with marine environments their genomes had extensively exchanged with deep sea bacterial genomes. Many genes for Na+-dependent nutrient transporters were recruited to use the high Na+ content as an energy source. For coping with low temperatures, these two strains as well as other psychrophilic strains of Shewanella and gamma-proteobacteria were found to decrease their genome G+C content and proteome alanine, proline and arginine content (p-value <0.01) to increase protein structural flexibility. Compared to poorer RDX-degrading strains, S. halifaxensis and S. sediminis have more number of genes for cytochromes and other enzymes related to RDX metabolic pathways. Experimentally, one cytochrome was found induced in S. halifaxensis by RDX when the chemical was the sole terminal electron acceptor. The isolated protein degraded RDX by mono-denitration and was identified as a multiheme 52 kDa cytochrome using a proteomic approach. The present analyses provided the first insight into divergent genomic evolution of bacterial strains for adaptation to the specific cold marine conditions and to the degradation of the pollutant RDX. The present study also provided the first evidence for the involvement of a specific c-type cytochrome in anaerobic RDX metabolism.Jian-Shen ZhaoYinghai DengDominic MannoJalal HawariPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 2, p e9109 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jian-Shen Zhao Yinghai Deng Dominic Manno Jalal Hawari Shewanella spp. genomic evolution for a cold marine lifestyle and in-situ explosive biodegradation.
description	Shewanella halifaxensis and Shewanella sediminis were among a few aquatic gamma-proteobacteria that were psychrophiles and the first anaerobic bacteria that degraded hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX). Although many mesophilic or psychrophilic strains of Shewanella and gamma-proteobacteria were sequenced for their genomes, the genomic evolution pathways for temperature adaptation were poorly understood. On the other hand, the genes responsible for anaerobic RDX mineralization pathways remain unknown. To determine the unique genomic properties of bacteria responsible for both cold-adaptation and RDX degradation, the genomes of S. halifaxensis and S. sediminis were sequenced and compared with 108 other gamma-proteobacteria including Shewanella that differ in temperature and Na+ requirements, as well as RDX degradation capability. Results showed that for coping with marine environments their genomes had extensively exchanged with deep sea bacterial genomes. Many genes for Na+-dependent nutrient transporters were recruited to use the high Na+ content as an energy source. For coping with low temperatures, these two strains as well as other psychrophilic strains of Shewanella and gamma-proteobacteria were found to decrease their genome G+C content and proteome alanine, proline and arginine content (p-value <0.01) to increase protein structural flexibility. Compared to poorer RDX-degrading strains, S. halifaxensis and S. sediminis have more number of genes for cytochromes and other enzymes related to RDX metabolic pathways. Experimentally, one cytochrome was found induced in S. halifaxensis by RDX when the chemical was the sole terminal electron acceptor. The isolated protein degraded RDX by mono-denitration and was identified as a multiheme 52 kDa cytochrome using a proteomic approach. The present analyses provided the first insight into divergent genomic evolution of bacterial strains for adaptation to the specific cold marine conditions and to the degradation of the pollutant RDX. The present study also provided the first evidence for the involvement of a specific c-type cytochrome in anaerobic RDX metabolism.
format	article
author	Jian-Shen Zhao Yinghai Deng Dominic Manno Jalal Hawari
author_facet	Jian-Shen Zhao Yinghai Deng Dominic Manno Jalal Hawari
author_sort	Jian-Shen Zhao
title	Shewanella spp. genomic evolution for a cold marine lifestyle and in-situ explosive biodegradation.
title_short	Shewanella spp. genomic evolution for a cold marine lifestyle and in-situ explosive biodegradation.
title_full	Shewanella spp. genomic evolution for a cold marine lifestyle and in-situ explosive biodegradation.
title_fullStr	Shewanella spp. genomic evolution for a cold marine lifestyle and in-situ explosive biodegradation.
title_full_unstemmed	Shewanella spp. genomic evolution for a cold marine lifestyle and in-situ explosive biodegradation.
title_sort	shewanella spp. genomic evolution for a cold marine lifestyle and in-situ explosive biodegradation.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/5dedf1a546804e13a339299538b49c4e
work_keys_str_mv	AT jianshenzhao shewanellasppgenomicevolutionforacoldmarinelifestyleandinsituexplosivebiodegradation AT yinghaideng shewanellasppgenomicevolutionforacoldmarinelifestyleandinsituexplosivebiodegradation AT dominicmanno shewanellasppgenomicevolutionforacoldmarinelifestyleandinsituexplosivebiodegradation AT jalalhawari shewanellasppgenomicevolutionforacoldmarinelifestyleandinsituexplosivebiodegradation
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Shewanella spp. genomic evolution for a cold marine lifestyle and in-situ explosive biodegradation.

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