Population bottlenecks during the infectious cycle of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.

Borrelia burgdorferi is a zoonotic pathogen whose maintenance in nature depends upon an infectious cycle that alternates between a tick vector and mammalian hosts. Lyme disease in humans results from transmission of B. burgdorferi by the bite of an infected tick. The population dynamics of B. burgdo...

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Autores principales:	Ryan O M Rego, Aaron Bestor, Jan Stefka, Patricia A Rosa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5e2ef2ff46a94475acced5b02d7f358a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5e2ef2ff46a94475acced5b02d7f358a2021-11-25T06:10:18ZPopulation bottlenecks during the infectious cycle of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0101009https://doaj.org/article/5e2ef2ff46a94475acced5b02d7f358a2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24979342/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Borrelia burgdorferi is a zoonotic pathogen whose maintenance in nature depends upon an infectious cycle that alternates between a tick vector and mammalian hosts. Lyme disease in humans results from transmission of B. burgdorferi by the bite of an infected tick. The population dynamics of B. burgdorferi throughout its natural infectious cycle are not well understood. We addressed this topic by assessing the colonization, dissemination and persistence of B. burgdorferi within and between the disparate mammalian and tick environments. To follow bacterial populations during infection, we generated seven isogenic but distinguishable B. burgdorferi clones, each with a unique sequence tag. These tags resulted in no phenotypic changes relative to wild type organisms, yet permitted highly sensitive and specific detection of individual clones by PCR. We followed the composition of the spirochete population throughout an experimental infectious cycle that was initiated with a mixed inoculum of all clones. We observed heterogeneity in the spirochete population disseminating within mice at very early time points, but all clones displayed the ability to colonize most mouse tissues by 3 weeks of infection. The complexity of clones subsequently declined as murine infection persisted. Larval ticks typically acquired a reduced and variable number of clones relative to what was present in infected mice at the time of tick feeding, and maintained the same spirochete population through the molt to nymphs. However, only a random subset of infectious spirochetes was transmitted to naïve mice when these ticks next fed. Our results clearly demonstrate that the spirochete population experiences stochastic bottlenecks during both acquisition and transmission by the tick vector, as well as during persistent infection of its murine host. The experimental system that we have developed can be used to further explore the forces that shape the population of this vector-borne bacterial pathogen throughout its infectious cycle.Ryan O M RegoAaron BestorJan StefkaPatricia A RosaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 6, p e101009 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ryan O M Rego Aaron Bestor Jan Stefka Patricia A Rosa Population bottlenecks during the infectious cycle of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
description	Borrelia burgdorferi is a zoonotic pathogen whose maintenance in nature depends upon an infectious cycle that alternates between a tick vector and mammalian hosts. Lyme disease in humans results from transmission of B. burgdorferi by the bite of an infected tick. The population dynamics of B. burgdorferi throughout its natural infectious cycle are not well understood. We addressed this topic by assessing the colonization, dissemination and persistence of B. burgdorferi within and between the disparate mammalian and tick environments. To follow bacterial populations during infection, we generated seven isogenic but distinguishable B. burgdorferi clones, each with a unique sequence tag. These tags resulted in no phenotypic changes relative to wild type organisms, yet permitted highly sensitive and specific detection of individual clones by PCR. We followed the composition of the spirochete population throughout an experimental infectious cycle that was initiated with a mixed inoculum of all clones. We observed heterogeneity in the spirochete population disseminating within mice at very early time points, but all clones displayed the ability to colonize most mouse tissues by 3 weeks of infection. The complexity of clones subsequently declined as murine infection persisted. Larval ticks typically acquired a reduced and variable number of clones relative to what was present in infected mice at the time of tick feeding, and maintained the same spirochete population through the molt to nymphs. However, only a random subset of infectious spirochetes was transmitted to naïve mice when these ticks next fed. Our results clearly demonstrate that the spirochete population experiences stochastic bottlenecks during both acquisition and transmission by the tick vector, as well as during persistent infection of its murine host. The experimental system that we have developed can be used to further explore the forces that shape the population of this vector-borne bacterial pathogen throughout its infectious cycle.
format	article
author	Ryan O M Rego Aaron Bestor Jan Stefka Patricia A Rosa
author_facet	Ryan O M Rego Aaron Bestor Jan Stefka Patricia A Rosa
author_sort	Ryan O M Rego
title	Population bottlenecks during the infectious cycle of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
title_short	Population bottlenecks during the infectious cycle of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
title_full	Population bottlenecks during the infectious cycle of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
title_fullStr	Population bottlenecks during the infectious cycle of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
title_full_unstemmed	Population bottlenecks during the infectious cycle of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
title_sort	population bottlenecks during the infectious cycle of the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/5e2ef2ff46a94475acced5b02d7f358a
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Population bottlenecks during the infectious cycle of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.

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