Monitoring the Dynamics of Formby Sand Dunes Using Airborne LiDAR DTMs

Coastal dunes play an important role in coastal erosion risk management, where they act as a dynamic natural sea defence line. Formby coast is part of the Sefton coast in the Northwest of England and is one of the largest and most rapidly evolving sand dune systems in the UK. Such dune systems requi...

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Autores principales:	Ahmed Mutasim Abdalla Mahmoud, Ekbal Hussain, Alessandro Novellino, Panos Psimoulis, Stuart Marsh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	coastal dune monitoring dune volumetric analysis airborne LiDAR DTM analysis Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5e44ca8c914b4d3fa067e1aee6a413b7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5e44ca8c914b4d3fa067e1aee6a413b72021-11-25T18:55:14ZMonitoring the Dynamics of Formby Sand Dunes Using Airborne LiDAR DTMs10.3390/rs132246652072-4292https://doaj.org/article/5e44ca8c914b4d3fa067e1aee6a413b72021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4665https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292Coastal dunes play an important role in coastal erosion risk management, where they act as a dynamic natural sea defence line. Formby coast is part of the Sefton coast in the Northwest of England and is one of the largest and most rapidly evolving sand dune systems in the UK. Such dune systems require continuous comprehensive monitoring activity to understand their dynamics. In this research, we investigate the use of airborne LiDAR digital terrain model DTMs for monitoring the dynamics of the sand dunes at Formby between 1999 and 2020. We found that the rate of elevation change for the beach and the dune areas ranges from −0.78 to 0.02 m/year and −0.92 to 0.73 m/year, respectively. The beach and the frontal dunes have had significant sand erosion, while the inner dunes gained sand during the measurement period. Vegetated areas remained unchanged due to the impact of vegetation in stabilizing the movement of the dunes. Formby beach had a volume loss of about 907,000 m<sup>3</sup> in the last 21 years, while the dunes had a volume increase of about 1,049,000 m<sup>3</sup> over the same period. The total volume of the entire dune system, consisting of both the beach and dune areas, remained unchanged, which indicates that the growth of the inland dunes is fed by sand from the beach. All the volumetric changes occurred due to sand redistribution within the system, with erosion along the beach, and deposition and erosion in the dune areas.Ahmed Mutasim Abdalla MahmoudEkbal HussainAlessandro NovellinoPanos PsimoulisStuart MarshMDPI AGarticlecoastal dune monitoringdune volumetric analysisairborne LiDARDTM analysisScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4665, p 4665 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	coastal dune monitoring dune volumetric analysis airborne LiDAR DTM analysis Science Q
spellingShingle	coastal dune monitoring dune volumetric analysis airborne LiDAR DTM analysis Science Q Ahmed Mutasim Abdalla Mahmoud Ekbal Hussain Alessandro Novellino Panos Psimoulis Stuart Marsh Monitoring the Dynamics of Formby Sand Dunes Using Airborne LiDAR DTMs
description	Coastal dunes play an important role in coastal erosion risk management, where they act as a dynamic natural sea defence line. Formby coast is part of the Sefton coast in the Northwest of England and is one of the largest and most rapidly evolving sand dune systems in the UK. Such dune systems require continuous comprehensive monitoring activity to understand their dynamics. In this research, we investigate the use of airborne LiDAR digital terrain model DTMs for monitoring the dynamics of the sand dunes at Formby between 1999 and 2020. We found that the rate of elevation change for the beach and the dune areas ranges from −0.78 to 0.02 m/year and −0.92 to 0.73 m/year, respectively. The beach and the frontal dunes have had significant sand erosion, while the inner dunes gained sand during the measurement period. Vegetated areas remained unchanged due to the impact of vegetation in stabilizing the movement of the dunes. Formby beach had a volume loss of about 907,000 m<sup>3</sup> in the last 21 years, while the dunes had a volume increase of about 1,049,000 m<sup>3</sup> over the same period. The total volume of the entire dune system, consisting of both the beach and dune areas, remained unchanged, which indicates that the growth of the inland dunes is fed by sand from the beach. All the volumetric changes occurred due to sand redistribution within the system, with erosion along the beach, and deposition and erosion in the dune areas.
format	article
author	Ahmed Mutasim Abdalla Mahmoud Ekbal Hussain Alessandro Novellino Panos Psimoulis Stuart Marsh
author_facet	Ahmed Mutasim Abdalla Mahmoud Ekbal Hussain Alessandro Novellino Panos Psimoulis Stuart Marsh
author_sort	Ahmed Mutasim Abdalla Mahmoud
title	Monitoring the Dynamics of Formby Sand Dunes Using Airborne LiDAR DTMs
title_short	Monitoring the Dynamics of Formby Sand Dunes Using Airborne LiDAR DTMs
title_full	Monitoring the Dynamics of Formby Sand Dunes Using Airborne LiDAR DTMs
title_fullStr	Monitoring the Dynamics of Formby Sand Dunes Using Airborne LiDAR DTMs
title_full_unstemmed	Monitoring the Dynamics of Formby Sand Dunes Using Airborne LiDAR DTMs
title_sort	monitoring the dynamics of formby sand dunes using airborne lidar dtms
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5e44ca8c914b4d3fa067e1aee6a413b7
work_keys_str_mv	AT ahmedmutasimabdallamahmoud monitoringthedynamicsofformbysanddunesusingairbornelidardtms AT ekbalhussain monitoringthedynamicsofformbysanddunesusingairbornelidardtms AT alessandronovellino monitoringthedynamicsofformbysanddunesusingairbornelidardtms AT panospsimoulis monitoringthedynamicsofformbysanddunesusingairbornelidardtms AT stuartmarsh monitoringthedynamicsofformbysanddunesusingairbornelidardtms
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Monitoring the Dynamics of Formby Sand Dunes Using Airborne LiDAR DTMs

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