Genome-wide diversity of Pagliarola sheep residual population and its conservation implication

Local breeds represent an underestimated resource in terms not only of their important cultural and economical role in marginal areas, but also because they often own a potential genetic pool well adapted to extreme conditions. This fact is of increasing interest, especially when considering climate...

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Autores principales:	Christian Persichilli, Gabriele Senczuk, Loi Pasqualino, Debora Agata Anzalone, Riccardo Negrini, Paolo Ajmone Marsan, Licia Colli, Fabio Pilla, Salvatore Mastrangelo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2021
Materias:	local sheep population structure genetic diversity snp candidate genes Animal culture SF1-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5e53bb23fa404ab49e9543bdd03ced45
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5e53bb23fa404ab49e9543bdd03ced452021-11-11T14:23:42ZGenome-wide diversity of Pagliarola sheep residual population and its conservation implication1594-40771828-051X10.1080/1828051X.2021.1970033https://doaj.org/article/5e53bb23fa404ab49e9543bdd03ced452021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2021.1970033https://doaj.org/toc/1594-4077https://doaj.org/toc/1828-051XLocal breeds represent an underestimated resource in terms not only of their important cultural and economical role in marginal areas, but also because they often own a potential genetic pool well adapted to extreme conditions. This fact is of increasing interest, especially when considering climate global challenges where peculiar and uncommon traits could be advantageous. In this study, we genotyped 24 individuals belonging to the small residual Pagliarola sheep population using the OvineSNP50K array, in order to compare its genomic architecture with other 21 Italian local breeds. Moreover, we performed the fixation index (FST) outlier analysis to identify genes most differentiated between Pagliarola and Merino-derived Italian breeds. All population genetic analyses highlighted that Pagliarola breed represents a distinct genetic unit showing a genetic relationship with Merino-derived breeds underlying the close cultural connection between these breeds related to transhumance. However, Pagliarola breed resulted to be divided into two different sub-populations, named Pagliarola 1 (PAG-1) and Pagliarola 2 (PAG-2). Genetic diversity indices and inbreeding estimated from runs of homozygosity (FROH) indicated that while PAG-1 showed among the highest values, PAG-2 turned out strongly inbred, probably as a consequence of a founder effect. The FST outlier analysis identified the 5 most differentiated single nucleotide polymorphisms, two of which mapping within known genes (MACF1 and GLIS1) reported to be linked to feed efficiency and local adaption. All these information strongly suggest that proper conservation measures should be implemented in order to recover the Pagliarola population and its fundamental local products.HIGHLIGHTS All population genetic analyses highlighted that Pagliarola breed represent a distinct genetic unit, and clusters with the Merino-derived Italian breeds. The breed resulted to be divided into two different sub-populations. For the two Pagliarola sub-populations, the genetic diversity indices suggest a very different genetic makeup. Results from the Bayesian approach identified two know genes (MACF1and GLIS1) related to feed efficiency in livestock species and local adaptation. The information generated in this study strongly suggests that proper conservation measures should be implemented in order to recover the Pagliarola population.Christian PersichilliGabriele SenczukLoi PasqualinoDebora Agata AnzaloneRiccardo NegriniPaolo Ajmone MarsanLicia ColliFabio PillaSalvatore MastrangeloTaylor & Francis Grouparticlelocal sheeppopulation structuregenetic diversitysnpcandidate genesAnimal cultureSF1-1100ENItalian Journal of Animal Science, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1695-1705 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	local sheep population structure genetic diversity snp candidate genes Animal culture SF1-1100
spellingShingle	local sheep population structure genetic diversity snp candidate genes Animal culture SF1-1100 Christian Persichilli Gabriele Senczuk Loi Pasqualino Debora Agata Anzalone Riccardo Negrini Paolo Ajmone Marsan Licia Colli Fabio Pilla Salvatore Mastrangelo Genome-wide diversity of Pagliarola sheep residual population and its conservation implication
description	Local breeds represent an underestimated resource in terms not only of their important cultural and economical role in marginal areas, but also because they often own a potential genetic pool well adapted to extreme conditions. This fact is of increasing interest, especially when considering climate global challenges where peculiar and uncommon traits could be advantageous. In this study, we genotyped 24 individuals belonging to the small residual Pagliarola sheep population using the OvineSNP50K array, in order to compare its genomic architecture with other 21 Italian local breeds. Moreover, we performed the fixation index (FST) outlier analysis to identify genes most differentiated between Pagliarola and Merino-derived Italian breeds. All population genetic analyses highlighted that Pagliarola breed represents a distinct genetic unit showing a genetic relationship with Merino-derived breeds underlying the close cultural connection between these breeds related to transhumance. However, Pagliarola breed resulted to be divided into two different sub-populations, named Pagliarola 1 (PAG-1) and Pagliarola 2 (PAG-2). Genetic diversity indices and inbreeding estimated from runs of homozygosity (FROH) indicated that while PAG-1 showed among the highest values, PAG-2 turned out strongly inbred, probably as a consequence of a founder effect. The FST outlier analysis identified the 5 most differentiated single nucleotide polymorphisms, two of which mapping within known genes (MACF1 and GLIS1) reported to be linked to feed efficiency and local adaption. All these information strongly suggest that proper conservation measures should be implemented in order to recover the Pagliarola population and its fundamental local products.HIGHLIGHTS All population genetic analyses highlighted that Pagliarola breed represent a distinct genetic unit, and clusters with the Merino-derived Italian breeds. The breed resulted to be divided into two different sub-populations. For the two Pagliarola sub-populations, the genetic diversity indices suggest a very different genetic makeup. Results from the Bayesian approach identified two know genes (MACF1and GLIS1) related to feed efficiency in livestock species and local adaptation. The information generated in this study strongly suggests that proper conservation measures should be implemented in order to recover the Pagliarola population.
format	article
author	Christian Persichilli Gabriele Senczuk Loi Pasqualino Debora Agata Anzalone Riccardo Negrini Paolo Ajmone Marsan Licia Colli Fabio Pilla Salvatore Mastrangelo
author_facet	Christian Persichilli Gabriele Senczuk Loi Pasqualino Debora Agata Anzalone Riccardo Negrini Paolo Ajmone Marsan Licia Colli Fabio Pilla Salvatore Mastrangelo
author_sort	Christian Persichilli
title	Genome-wide diversity of Pagliarola sheep residual population and its conservation implication
title_short	Genome-wide diversity of Pagliarola sheep residual population and its conservation implication
title_full	Genome-wide diversity of Pagliarola sheep residual population and its conservation implication
title_fullStr	Genome-wide diversity of Pagliarola sheep residual population and its conservation implication
title_full_unstemmed	Genome-wide diversity of Pagliarola sheep residual population and its conservation implication
title_sort	genome-wide diversity of pagliarola sheep residual population and its conservation implication
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5e53bb23fa404ab49e9543bdd03ced45
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Genome-wide diversity of Pagliarola sheep residual population and its conservation implication

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