Recent infections among individuals with a new HIV diagnosis in Rwanda, 2018-2020.

<h4>Background</h4>Despite Rwanda's progress toward HIV epidemic control, 16.2% of HIV-positive individuals are unaware of their HIV positive status. Tailoring the public health strategy could help reach these individuals with new HIV infection and achieve epidemic control. Recency...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Gallican N Rwibasira, Samuel S Malamba, Gentille Musengimana, Richard C M Nkunda, Jared Omolo, Eric Remera, Vedaste Masengesho, Valens Mbonitegeka, Tafadzwa Dzinamarira, Eugenie Kayirangwa, Placidie Mugwaneza
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5e5ab11ae4134118821e6b13fbc54ead
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:5e5ab11ae4134118821e6b13fbc54ead
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5e5ab11ae4134118821e6b13fbc54ead2021-12-02T20:12:55ZRecent infections among individuals with a new HIV diagnosis in Rwanda, 2018-2020.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0259708https://doaj.org/article/5e5ab11ae4134118821e6b13fbc54ead2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259708https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Despite Rwanda's progress toward HIV epidemic control, 16.2% of HIV-positive individuals are unaware of their HIV positive status. Tailoring the public health strategy could help reach these individuals with new HIV infection and achieve epidemic control. Recency testing is primarily for surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation but it's not for diagnostic purposes. However, it's important to know what proportion of the newly diagnosed are recent infections so that HIV prevention can be tailored to the profile of people who are recently infected. We therefore used available national data to characterize individuals with recent HIV infection in Rwanda to inform the epidemic response.<h4>Methods</h4>We included all national-level data for recency testing reported from October 2018 to June 2020. Eligible participants were adults (aged ≥15 years) who had a new HIV diagnosis, who self-reported being antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve, and who had consented to recency testing. Numbers and proportions of recent HIV infections were estimated, and precision around these estimates was calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with being recently (within 12 months) infected with HIV.<h4>Results</h4>Of 7,785 eligible individuals with a new HIV-positive diagnosis, 475 (6.1%) met the criteria for RITA recent infection. The proportion of RITA recent infections among individuals with newly identified HIV was high among those aged 15-24 years (9.6%) and in men aged ≥65 years (10.3%) compared to other age groups; and were higher among women (6.7%) than men (5.1%). Of all recent cases, 68.8% were women, and 72.2% were aged 15-34 years. The Northern province had the fewest individuals with newly diagnosed HIV but had the highest proportion of recent infections (10.0%) compared to other provinces. Recent infections decreased by 19.6% per unit change in time (measured in months). Patients aged ≥25 years were less likely to have recent infection than those aged 15-24 years with those aged 35-49 years being the least likely to have recent infection compared to those aged 15-24 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.415 [95% CI: 0.316-0.544]).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Public health surveillance targeting the areas and the identified groups with high risk of recent infection could help improve outcomes.Gallican N RwibasiraSamuel S MalambaGentille MusengimanaRichard C M NkundaJared OmoloEric RemeraVedaste MasengeshoValens MbonitegekaTafadzwa DzinamariraEugenie KayirangwaPlacidie MugwanezaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11, p e0259708 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Gallican N Rwibasira Samuel S Malamba Gentille Musengimana Richard C M Nkunda Jared Omolo Eric Remera Vedaste Masengesho Valens Mbonitegeka Tafadzwa Dzinamarira Eugenie Kayirangwa Placidie Mugwaneza Recent infections among individuals with a new HIV diagnosis in Rwanda, 2018-2020.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Despite Rwanda's progress toward HIV epidemic control, 16.2% of HIV-positive individuals are unaware of their HIV positive status. Tailoring the public health strategy could help reach these individuals with new HIV infection and achieve epidemic control. Recency testing is primarily for surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation but it's not for diagnostic purposes. However, it's important to know what proportion of the newly diagnosed are recent infections so that HIV prevention can be tailored to the profile of people who are recently infected. We therefore used available national data to characterize individuals with recent HIV infection in Rwanda to inform the epidemic response.<h4>Methods</h4>We included all national-level data for recency testing reported from October 2018 to June 2020. Eligible participants were adults (aged ≥15 years) who had a new HIV diagnosis, who self-reported being antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve, and who had consented to recency testing. Numbers and proportions of recent HIV infections were estimated, and precision around these estimates was calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with being recently (within 12 months) infected with HIV.<h4>Results</h4>Of 7,785 eligible individuals with a new HIV-positive diagnosis, 475 (6.1%) met the criteria for RITA recent infection. The proportion of RITA recent infections among individuals with newly identified HIV was high among those aged 15-24 years (9.6%) and in men aged ≥65 years (10.3%) compared to other age groups; and were higher among women (6.7%) than men (5.1%). Of all recent cases, 68.8% were women, and 72.2% were aged 15-34 years. The Northern province had the fewest individuals with newly diagnosed HIV but had the highest proportion of recent infections (10.0%) compared to other provinces. Recent infections decreased by 19.6% per unit change in time (measured in months). Patients aged ≥25 years were less likely to have recent infection than those aged 15-24 years with those aged 35-49 years being the least likely to have recent infection compared to those aged 15-24 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.415 [95% CI: 0.316-0.544]).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Public health surveillance targeting the areas and the identified groups with high risk of recent infection could help improve outcomes.
format	article
author	Gallican N Rwibasira Samuel S Malamba Gentille Musengimana Richard C M Nkunda Jared Omolo Eric Remera Vedaste Masengesho Valens Mbonitegeka Tafadzwa Dzinamarira Eugenie Kayirangwa Placidie Mugwaneza
author_facet	Gallican N Rwibasira Samuel S Malamba Gentille Musengimana Richard C M Nkunda Jared Omolo Eric Remera Vedaste Masengesho Valens Mbonitegeka Tafadzwa Dzinamarira Eugenie Kayirangwa Placidie Mugwaneza
author_sort	Gallican N Rwibasira
title	Recent infections among individuals with a new HIV diagnosis in Rwanda, 2018-2020.
title_short	Recent infections among individuals with a new HIV diagnosis in Rwanda, 2018-2020.
title_full	Recent infections among individuals with a new HIV diagnosis in Rwanda, 2018-2020.
title_fullStr	Recent infections among individuals with a new HIV diagnosis in Rwanda, 2018-2020.
title_full_unstemmed	Recent infections among individuals with a new HIV diagnosis in Rwanda, 2018-2020.
title_sort	recent infections among individuals with a new hiv diagnosis in rwanda, 2018-2020.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5e5ab11ae4134118821e6b13fbc54ead
work_keys_str_mv	AT gallicannrwibasira recentinfectionsamongindividualswithanewhivdiagnosisinrwanda20182020 AT samuelsmalamba recentinfectionsamongindividualswithanewhivdiagnosisinrwanda20182020 AT gentillemusengimana recentinfectionsamongindividualswithanewhivdiagnosisinrwanda20182020 AT richardcmnkunda recentinfectionsamongindividualswithanewhivdiagnosisinrwanda20182020 AT jaredomolo recentinfectionsamongindividualswithanewhivdiagnosisinrwanda20182020 AT ericremera recentinfectionsamongindividualswithanewhivdiagnosisinrwanda20182020 AT vedastemasengesho recentinfectionsamongindividualswithanewhivdiagnosisinrwanda20182020 AT valensmbonitegeka recentinfectionsamongindividualswithanewhivdiagnosisinrwanda20182020 AT tafadzwadzinamarira recentinfectionsamongindividualswithanewhivdiagnosisinrwanda20182020 AT eugeniekayirangwa recentinfectionsamongindividualswithanewhivdiagnosisinrwanda20182020 AT placidiemugwaneza recentinfectionsamongindividualswithanewhivdiagnosisinrwanda20182020
_version_	1718374824668037120

Recent infections among individuals with a new HIV diagnosis in Rwanda, 2018-2020.

Ejemplares similares