Phylodynamics of Yellow Fever Virus in the Americas: new insights into the origin of the 2017 Brazilian outbreak

Abstract Yellow fever virus (YFV) strains circulating in the Americas belong to two distinct genotypes (I and II) that have diversified into several concurrent enzootic lineages. Since 1999, YFV genotype I has spread outside endemic regions and its recent (2017) reemergence in non-endemic Southeaste...

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Autores principales:	Daiana Mir, Edson Delatorre, Myrna Bonaldo, Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Ana Carolina Vicente, Gonzalo Bello
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5e5faa025b98446cbd2e51787575f80c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5e5faa025b98446cbd2e51787575f80c2021-12-02T11:53:06ZPhylodynamics of Yellow Fever Virus in the Americas: new insights into the origin of the 2017 Brazilian outbreak10.1038/s41598-017-07873-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/5e5faa025b98446cbd2e51787575f80c2017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07873-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Yellow fever virus (YFV) strains circulating in the Americas belong to two distinct genotypes (I and II) that have diversified into several concurrent enzootic lineages. Since 1999, YFV genotype I has spread outside endemic regions and its recent (2017) reemergence in non-endemic Southeastern Brazilian states fuels one of the largest epizootic of jungle Yellow Fever registered in the country. To better understand this phenomenon, we reconstructed the phylodynamics of YFV American genotypes using sequences from nine countries sampled along 60 years, including strains from Brazilian 2017 outbreak. Our analyses reveals that YFV genotypes I and II follow roughly similar evolutionary and demographic dynamics until the early 1990s, when a dramatic change in the diversification process of the genotype I occurred associated with the emergence and dissemination of a new lineage (here called modern). Trinidad and Tobago was the most likely source of the YFV modern-lineage that spread to Brazil and Venezuela around the late 1980s, where it replaced all lineages previously circulating. The modern-lineage caused all major YFV outbreaks detected in non-endemic South American regions since 2000, including the 2017 Brazilian outbreak, and its dissemination was coupled to the accumulation of several amino acid substitutions particularly within non-structural viral proteins.Daiana MirEdson DelatorreMyrna BonaldoRicardo Lourenço-de-OliveiraAna Carolina VicenteGonzalo BelloNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Daiana Mir Edson Delatorre Myrna Bonaldo Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira Ana Carolina Vicente Gonzalo Bello Phylodynamics of Yellow Fever Virus in the Americas: new insights into the origin of the 2017 Brazilian outbreak
description	Abstract Yellow fever virus (YFV) strains circulating in the Americas belong to two distinct genotypes (I and II) that have diversified into several concurrent enzootic lineages. Since 1999, YFV genotype I has spread outside endemic regions and its recent (2017) reemergence in non-endemic Southeastern Brazilian states fuels one of the largest epizootic of jungle Yellow Fever registered in the country. To better understand this phenomenon, we reconstructed the phylodynamics of YFV American genotypes using sequences from nine countries sampled along 60 years, including strains from Brazilian 2017 outbreak. Our analyses reveals that YFV genotypes I and II follow roughly similar evolutionary and demographic dynamics until the early 1990s, when a dramatic change in the diversification process of the genotype I occurred associated with the emergence and dissemination of a new lineage (here called modern). Trinidad and Tobago was the most likely source of the YFV modern-lineage that spread to Brazil and Venezuela around the late 1980s, where it replaced all lineages previously circulating. The modern-lineage caused all major YFV outbreaks detected in non-endemic South American regions since 2000, including the 2017 Brazilian outbreak, and its dissemination was coupled to the accumulation of several amino acid substitutions particularly within non-structural viral proteins.
format	article
author	Daiana Mir Edson Delatorre Myrna Bonaldo Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira Ana Carolina Vicente Gonzalo Bello
author_facet	Daiana Mir Edson Delatorre Myrna Bonaldo Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira Ana Carolina Vicente Gonzalo Bello
author_sort	Daiana Mir
title	Phylodynamics of Yellow Fever Virus in the Americas: new insights into the origin of the 2017 Brazilian outbreak
title_short	Phylodynamics of Yellow Fever Virus in the Americas: new insights into the origin of the 2017 Brazilian outbreak
title_full	Phylodynamics of Yellow Fever Virus in the Americas: new insights into the origin of the 2017 Brazilian outbreak
title_fullStr	Phylodynamics of Yellow Fever Virus in the Americas: new insights into the origin of the 2017 Brazilian outbreak
title_full_unstemmed	Phylodynamics of Yellow Fever Virus in the Americas: new insights into the origin of the 2017 Brazilian outbreak
title_sort	phylodynamics of yellow fever virus in the americas: new insights into the origin of the 2017 brazilian outbreak
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/5e5faa025b98446cbd2e51787575f80c
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Phylodynamics of Yellow Fever Virus in the Americas: new insights into the origin of the 2017 Brazilian outbreak

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